2014-2016年绵阳市中心医院女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的：分析2014—2016年绵阳市中心医院女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌分布及耐药性。方法选取2014年1月—2016年1月在绵阳市中心医院接受治疗的泌尿生殖道感染的女性患者180例，对患者宫颈分泌物进行病原菌培养和药敏试验，根据医用物品使用说明书观察病原菌的分布，并分析其耐药性。结果180例患者中共分离出病原菌410株，支原体有288株（70.24%），其中解脲脲支原体以133株（32.43%）居首，其次为人型支原体59株（14.39%）；细菌有122株（29.76%），其中肠杆菌以48株（11.71%）居首，其次为表皮葡萄球菌35株（8.54%）。支原体中解脲脲支原体和人型支原体以及细菌中肠杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌对红霉素、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和四环素的耐药性较高，均＞70%；对原始霉素、强力霉素、交沙霉素和米诺环素的耐药性较低，均＜10%。结论女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌以支原体为主、细菌为辅，且二者对原始霉素、强力霉素、交沙霉素和米诺环素等药物的耐药性均较低，因此治疗女性泌尿生殖道感染疾病应采用原始霉素等药物以抑制支原体为主，并辅以细菌抑制。

Analysis on mycoplasma distribution and drug resistance of female urinary tract infection of Mianyang Central Hospital during 2014-2016

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of female urinary tract infection of Mianyang Central Hospital during 2014-2016. Methods Female patient (180 cases) with urinary tract infection were selected from January 2014 to 2016 January in Mianyang Central Hospital. The primary culture and drug sensitivity test were performed in the patients with cervical secretion, the distribution of the pathogen was observed, and their resistance was analyzed according to medical goods instructions. Results A total of 410 strains of pathogens were isolated. There were 288 strains of mycoplasma (70.24%). Among them, there were 133 strains of Ureaplasma urealyticum, accounted for 32.43%, ranked first. Then followed by 59 strains of human mycoplasma (14.39%). There were 122 strains of bacteria (29.76%), including Escherichia coli (48 strains, 11.71%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (35 strains, 8.54%). Four types of mycoplasmas had relatively higher resistance to erythromycin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline with resistant rates above 70%, but lower resistance to pristinamycin, doxycycline, josamycin, and minocycline with resistant rates below 10%. Conclusion The pathogen of female urinary tract infection are mainly caused by mycoplasma, and bacteria as a supplement. And their resistance to pristinamycin, doxycycline, josamycin, minocycline, and other drugs are relatively low, so treatment of female urinary tract infections should be treated with primary mold and other drugs to inhibit the main mycoplasma, supplemented by bacterial inhibition.