孟鲁司特钠联合布地奈德治疗小儿哮喘的疗效及其对肺功能和细胞免疫的影响

目的 探讨孟鲁司特钠联合布地奈德对小儿哮喘的疗效及其对细胞免疫的影响。方法 选取延安大学附属医院2017年1月-2019年1月120例哮喘患儿为研究对象，根据随机法将患儿分为对照组和观察组，每组60例。对照组患儿将吸入用布地奈德混悬液1.0 mg采用2.0 mL生理盐水溶解后以氧气为驱动力进行雾化吸入治疗，流量控制在6 L/min以内，2次/d，15 min/次。观察组患儿在对照组的基础上口服孟鲁司特钠咀嚼片，5 mg/次，1次/d。两组连续治疗2周。观察两组患者的临床疗效，同时比较两组治疗前后的、症状评分、肺功能指标及免疫功能指标水平。结果 治疗后，对照组总有效率为78.33%，显著低于观察组的93.33%（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组日间及夜间症状评分均显著降低（P<0.05），且观察组显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、呼气峰流速（PEF）和FEV₁/FVC水平均明显升高（P<0.05），且观察组各肺功能指标均显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组CD3⁺、CD4⁺和CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均显著升高（P<0.05），且观察组CD3⁺、CD4⁺和CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 孟鲁司特钠联合布地奈德可有效改善患儿临床症状及肺功能，正向调节机体免疫水平，疗效确切，在小儿哮喘治疗中具有较高的应用价值。

Effect of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide on asthma in children and its effect on lung function and cellular immunity

Objective To investigate the effect of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide on childhood asthma and its effect on cellular immunity. Methods A total of 120 asthmatic children from January 2017 to January 2019 in the Affiliated Hospital of Yan''an University were selected as the research objects. According to the random method, the children were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 60 patients in each group. In the control group, 1.0 mg of Budesonide Suspension for Inhalation was inhaled, and 2.0 mL of normal saline was dissolved, followed by atomization inhalation therapy driven by oxygen. The flow rate was controlled within 6 L/min, twice daily, and 15 min/time. Children in the observation group were po administered with Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets on the basis of the control group, 5 mg/time, once daily. Patients in two groups were treated continuously for 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy in two groups was observed, and the levels of symptom scores, lung function indicators, and immune function indicators before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the control group was 78.33%, which was significantly lower than 93.33% of the observation group (P<0.05). After treatment, the daytime and nighttime symptom scores of two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the observation group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of FEV₁, FVC, PEF, and FEV₁/FVC in two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the pulmonary function indexes in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Montelukast sodium combined with budesonide can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and lung function of children, positively regulate the immune level of the body, with an exact effect, and has a high application value in the treatment of asthma in children.