腹膜透析患者低钾血症的临床分析

目的了解持续不卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）患者低钾血症的发生及其与临床特点的关系。方法测定我院72例CAPD患者的血液生化检查。血钾〈3.5mmol/L定义为低钾血症,分析患者一般情况,将所有患者分为低钾组与非低钾组。并进行营养状况的主观综合评价（SAG）。结合临床及实验室资料进行分析。结果低钾血症22例（30.6%）,老年患者低钾血症发生率为35.7%（与非老年组血钾水平比较,P〈0.05）;低钾组与非低钾组相比,低钾组血钾、Scr、Bun、PA明显降低,（P〈0.05）;两组尿量、超滤量差异无统计学意义。血钾水平与PA、Scr、Bun、SGA呈正相关（r=0.501,0.993,0.624,0.229,P〈0.05）。结论低钾血症可以作为CAPD患者营养不良的指标之一;老年CAPD患者低钾血症发生率高;及时发现与纠正低钾血症有助于提高CAPD患者的生活质量与长期存活率。

Study of hypokalemia in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Objective To inverstigate the incidence of hypokalemia and its relation to clinical features in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis（CAPD） patients.Methods The serum potassium concentration of 72 CAPD patients were measured.The hypokalemia was defined while serum potassium concentration below 3.5 mmol/L.All patients were divided into two groups.The nutritional status was detected by subjective global assessment（SGA）.Results The Hypokalemia patients of CAPD was 22 cases（30.6%）,hypokalemia occurred in elderly patients was 35.7%（compared with non-elderly group,P0.05）.Compared with patients with nomal potassium,Serum potassium,Scr,PA,Bun were found significantly lower in hypokalemia patients.There was no significantly in urine volume and ultrafiltration volume between hypokalemia and non-hypokalemia group.Serum potassium,Scr,PA,Alb concentration were found significantly lower in severe malnutrition group.Conclusion Hypokalemia can be used as an indicator of malnutrition in CAPD patients.There is high incidence of hypokalemia in CAPD patients,especialy in elderly patients with CAPD,timely detection and correction of hypokalemia help improve quality of life of CAPD patients and long-term survival.