三亚市居民膳食营养状况调查

目的掌握三亚市居民的膳食结构和营养状况，分析存在的问题，为制订营养改善策略提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法，抽取240户960人，对其中的90户360人进行膳食调查，以个人24h膳食回顾并结合定量的食物频率法获取家庭成员摄入各种食品的量。结果平均每人日摄入能量217913kcal，摄入蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物分别为77．6g、69．1g和311．7g，核黄素、抗坏血酸的摄入量不足，钠、磷过量，钙摄入仅占推荐摄入标准（RNI）的31．4％，膳食能量的67％来自植物类食物，蛋白质的51％来自植物类食物，脂肪提供总能量的29％，动物脂肪占膳食脂肪的27％。结论三亚市居民获得的热能基本满足要求，但已出现高蛋白、高脂肪的膳食倾向，部分维生素的摄人偏低，矿物质的摄入不平衡等应引起关注。

Investigation of dietary and nutritional status in population of Sanya City.

Objective To investigate the dietary pattem and nutritional status of the residents of Sanya city, to analyze the problems existed, and to provide scientific basis for nutrition improvement strategy. Methods The cluster-randomized scheme was used to sample 960 persons from 240 households, of which 360 persons （from 90 household） were investigated on dietary and nutritional status. The intake quantities of all kinds of food from per family were obtained by 24-hour diet retrospective method and food frequency method. Results The daily intake energy per person in average was 2 179.3 kcal, including 77.6 g protein, 69.1 g fat and 311.7 g carbohydrate, with insufficient thiamine and Vitamin C and excessive sodium, P. Calcium intake only accounted for 31.4% of the recommended nutrient intake （RNI）. 67% of the diet energy was cereals, 50% of the protein was from plant-food. Fat provided 29% of the whole energy, and animal-fat accounted for 27% of diet-fat. Conclusion The residents of Sanya obtains heat energy basically meeting the needs, but the diet trend of high-protein, high-lipid has arisen, with problems of lower intake of Vitamin and unbalanced intake of minerals.