超广谱β-内酰胺酶的检测及耐药性分析

目的了解临床产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌(E. coli)和肺炎克雷伯菌(K. pneumoniae)的发生率、耐药性,以便于对ESBLs进行监测和治疗。方法对102株E.coli和78株K. pneumoniae采用美国临床实验室标准委员会(NCCLS)规定的ESBLs表型筛选和确证试验确定ESBLs的发生率,并检测产ESBLs的E. coli和K. pneumoniae的耐药性。结果13.7%(14/102)的大肠埃希菌和26.9%(21/78)的肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs;产ESBLs菌株对亚胺培南耐药率为0%,除对阿米卡星、头孢西丁、替卡西林/克拉维酸联合酶抑制剂耐药率较低外,对三代头孢菌素、磺胺类和喹诺酮类药物均出现较高耐药。结论对产ESBLs菌株引起的感染,亚胺培南为首选。

Clinical detection and drug resistance analysis of extended spectrum beta-lactamases

Objective To investigate the prevalence of strains producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among Escherichia coil and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and to determine the drug resistance of the strans for better control and treatment of ESBLs. Methods One hundred and two strains of E. coli and 78 strains of K. pneumoniae were investigated for production of ESBLs by phenotypic screening and confirmatory test provided by the NCCLS. The drug resistance of ESBLs-producing strains was also investigated. Results 13.7% (14/102) of E. coli and 26.9% (21/78) of K. pneumoniae investigated were found to produce ESBLs. All ESBLs-producing strains were found to be susceptible to imipenem, relatively lowly resistant to of amikacin, cefoxitin, cefoperazone/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, and highly resistant to third generation cephalosporins, sulfonamides and quinolones. Conclusion Imipenem is the premium antibiotics for the treatment.of infection caused by ESBLs-producing strains.