淮安市2013-2015年致泻大肠埃希氏菌的检测和流行特征分析

目的：了解2013-2015年淮安市致泻大肠埃希氏菌的检出情况和流行特征，为疾病的防治提供依据。方法于2013-2015年从淮安市各哨点医院和社区医院腹泻门诊患者的795份粪便标本中分离大肠埃希氏菌，使用多重PCR方法筛查致泻大肠埃希氏菌，再结合生化实验验证。结果在795份腹泻标本中共检出致泻大肠埃希氏菌80株，检出率为10.06%。其中ETEC 34株，检出最高，其余依次为EAEC 18株、EPEC 16株、EIEC 7株和EHEC 5株。按季节分布统计，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，夏秋两季为主要流行时段。城市和农村的地域分布则差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；从人群分布分析，不同性别阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，但不同年龄组之间比较则差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论淮安市致泻大肠埃希氏菌主要流行型别为ETEC，夏秋两季为主要流行时段，≤5岁和6~18岁为易感人群，今后应加强对重点时段和人群的监测。

Detection and analysis on epidemic characteristics of diarrheogenic Escherichia coli in Huaian, 2013-2015. LI

Objective To understand the detection situation and epidemiological characteristics of diarrheogen-ic Escherichia coli (DEC) in Huaian from 2013 to 2015, so as to provide evidence basis for prevention and treatment of disease. Methods A total of 795 stool specimens were isolated from patients in sentinel hospitals and community hospi-tals of Huaian from 2013 to 2015 for detection of Escherichia coli. Diarrheogenic E. coli strains were screened by multi-ple PCR and verified by biochemical identification. Results A total of 80 diarrheogenic Escherichia coli strains were isolated, with a detection rate of 10.06%, including 34 strains of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), 18 strains of enteroag-gregative E. coli (EAEC), 16 strains of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), 7 strains of enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and 5 strains of enterohemorrhage E. coli (EHEC). There were statistical differences (P<0.05) between seasons, and the posi-tive detection rate in autumn and summer were higher. There was no significant difference between urban and rural areas (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive detection rates between different genders from the popula-tion distribution analysis (P>0.05), but there were significant differences between the different age groups (P<0.05). Conclusion ETEC is the predominant type of diarrheogenil E. coli in Huaian. The detection rates are higher in summer and autumn, and also in patients aged ≤5 years and 6~18 years. Monitoring of key periods and population should be strengthened in the future.