人参皂甙Rg3在体外对胃癌细胞生长和凋亡的影响

目的 研究人参皂甙Rg3在体外对低、中分化胃腺癌细胞株MKN-45和SGC-7901生长及凋亡的影响。方法 取处于对数生长期的MKN-45和SGC-7901细胞，加入不同终浓度（20、30、40、50 μg/mL）的人参皂甙Rg3分别培养24、48 h或24、48和72 h，以不加药细胞作为阴性对照。MTT法检测MKN-45和SGC-7901细胞生长抑制率；流式细胞仪Annexin V/PI双染法检测SGC-7901细胞凋亡率；流式细胞仪分析SGC-7901细胞周期；透射电子显微镜观察50 μg/mL人参皂甙Rg3处理组SGC-7901细胞的形态学改变。结果 人参皂甙Rg3各处理组SGC-7901和MKN-45细胞生长抑制率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)，且随药物浓度的增加和作用时间的延长而上升(P<0.05)。与对照组比较，人参皂甙Rg3各处理组SGC-7901细胞凋亡率和G0/G1期细胞百分比均明显上升，且呈浓度和时间依赖性。透射电子显微镜观察50 μg/mL人参皂甙Rg3处理组SGC-7901细胞，可见典型的凋亡细胞结构。结论 人参皂甙Rg3在体外对胃癌细胞生长具有抑制作用，且呈现一定的时效和量效关系，其机制可能与诱导胃癌细胞凋亡有关。

Effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on growth and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell lines in vitro

Objective To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on growth and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 and SGC-7901 in vitro. Methods MKN-45 and SGC-7901 cells at logarithmic growth phase were obtained, and were cultured with ginsenoside Rg3 of different concentrations (20, 30, 40, 50 μg/mL) for 24, 48 h or 24, 48 and 72 h. Cells cultured without ginsenoside Rg3 were served as controls. The inhibition rates of ginsenoside Rg3 on MKN-45 and SGC-7901 cells were detected by MTT assay, apoptosis rate of SGC-7901 cells was determined by Annexin V/PI double staining flow cytometry, cell cycles of SGC-7901 cells were analysed by flow cytometry, and morphological changes of SGC-7901 cells in 50 μg/mL ginsenoside Rg3 treatment group were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results The inhibition rates on MKN-45 and SGC-7901 cells in each ginsenoside Rg3 treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05), and the inhibition rates increased with the concentrations of ginsenoside Rg3 and time of culture ( P < 0.05). Compared with control group, the apoptosis rates of SGC-7901 cells and percentages of cells in G_1/G_1 cell cycle in each ginsenoside Rg3 treatment group were significantly increased in a concentration and time dependent manner. Typical morphology of SGC-7901 cell apoptosis was observed by transmission electron microscopy in 50 μg/mL ginsenoside Rg3 treatment group. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg3 has significant inhibition effect on gastric cancer cell lines in vitro with a concentration and time dependent manner, the mechanism of which may involve the induction of gastric cell line apoptosis.