不同产地山羊角多类型资源性化学成分分析及差异研究

  目的  分析不同产地山羊角中多类型资源性化学成分差异, 为其资源利用提供依据。  方法  分别采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UHPLC-MS/MS)、电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)、分光光度法对32批不同产地山羊角中核苷类及氨基酸类成分、水溶性蛋白、含巯基类化合物、无机元素类成分含量进行分析评价; 利用主成分分析法(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别法(PLS-DA)对山羊角产地差异进行综合评价。  结果  山羊角中检测出9种核苷类成分、18种游离氨基酸类成分, 核苷类成分平均总量为20.88 μg · g-1, 氨基酸类成分平均总量为642.41 μg · g-1; 山羊角中水溶性蛋白、总巯基和游离巯基类成分的平均含量分别为51.07 mg · g-1，22.48 μmol · g-1，9.97 μmol · g-1；山羊角中检测出常量元素5种，必须微量元素9种，重金属元素4种, 平均总量分别为45.09 mg · g-1，295.32 μg · g-1，7.74 μg · g-1; PCA和PLS-DA结果表明, 基于48种化学成分分析结果, 不同产地山羊角存在显著差异, 西南地区产山羊角与华东、华北地区产山羊角差异较大, 华东地区产山羊角综合得分较高。  结论  不同产地山羊角所含资源性成分种类基本一致, 但各类型成分含量差异较大, 华东地区产山羊角资源性成分含量相比其他产区较高, 研究结果可为山羊角药用产地选择及综合利用提供一定参考。 

Analysis and Differences Research of Multiple Types of Chemical Components in Goat Horn from Different Producing Areas

  OBJECTIVE  To investigate the multiple types of chemical constituents in goat horns from different areas, then to provide data support for its resource utilization.  METHODS  The contents of nucleosides, amino acids, inorganic elements, water-soluble proteins, total thiols and native thiols in 32 batches of goat horn from different producing areas were analyzed and evaluated by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and spectrophotometry, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant (PLS-DA) of 48 chemical components were applied to comprehensively evaluate the differences in producing areas of goat horns.  RESULTS  9 nucleosides and 18 free amino acids were detected in goat horns, and the average total nucleoside and amino acid contents were 20.88 μg · g-1 and 642.41 μg · g-1, respectively. The average contents of water-soluble protein, total sulfhydryl group and free sulfhydryl group in goat horn were 51.07 mg · g-1, 22.48 μmol · g-1 and 9.97 μmol · g-1, respectively. 5 major elements, 9 essential trace elements and 4 heavy metal elements were detected, with an average amounts of 45.09 mg · g-1, 295.32 μg · g-1 and 7.74 μg · g-1, respectively. The results of PCA and PLS-DA showed that based on the analysis results of 48 chemical components, there were significant differences among the goat horns from different regions of China. There was a significant difference between the goat horns from southwestern part of China and the ones from eastern and northern parts of China. The comprehensive score of goat horn in east China was higher.  CONCLUSION  The resource-based components contained in goat horn from different regions show little differences, but the contents of these components exhibit significant differences. The contents of resource-based components in east China were higher than those in other regions. The results of this study can provide some reference for the selection and comprehensive utilization of goat horns from different regions.