广西农村视力残疾病因调查及助视器疗效分析

目的探讨视力残疾的病因及临床常用助视器的疗效分析.方法采用WHO（1973）制定的盲与低视力的诊断标准,在广西12个县市选取视力残疾（盲及低视力）患者共203例,分少儿组和成人组,经严格眼科检查明确病因并进行病因统计分析;同时配戴远用或近用助视器,观察视力康复的程度.结果少儿组视力残疾的首位病因是先天性眼球震颤占31.68%,成人组视力残疾的首位病因是高度近视占21.11%.在配戴了远用助视器后,脱盲率达44.4%,脱残率达85.41%;配戴近用助视器后,近视力≥0.5的病例占总数的86.84%.结论先天性、遗传性疾病是少儿组视力残疾的主要病因,高度近视是成人组视力残疾的主要病因.助视器对盲及低视力患者的视力康复有显著疗效.

Etiology investigation of visual disability and effect analysis of visual aid in Guangxi rural area

Objective To explore the etiology of visual disability and analyse the effect of visual aid.Methods 203 cases with visual disability(blind or low vision) were selected under WHO(1973) diagnosis standard of blind and low vision.These cases were divided into juvenile's group and adult's group.All cases were clear in one's etiology by overall ophthalmological examination.Their etiology were included in statistical analysis.Meanwhile,the level of visual rehabilitation after wearing visual aid in distant visual acuity or near visual acuity were observed.Results The first etiological cause of visual disability in the juvenile's group was congenital nystagmus(31.68%) and in the adult's group was high myopia(21.11%).After wearing visual aid in distant visual acuity,the percent of free-blind reached 44.4% and the percent of free-disability 85.41%.And after using visual aid in near visual acuity,86.84% cases' near visual acuity were no less than 0.5.Conclusion The main etiology of visual acuity in the juvenile's group are congenital and inherited diseases and in the adult's group is high myopia.Visual aid has significant effect on visual rehabilitation in people with blind and low vision.