缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病和肺心病患者膳食调查分析

目的：探讨缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）和肺心病患者营养不良与膳食营养物质摄入的关系，以提出相应的饮食治疗和支持措施。方法：采用２４ｈ膳食回忆调查法对北京地区和唐山地区共１５６例缓解期ＣＯＰＤ和肺心病患者进行逐个入户调查。结果：热能和２６种营养素，如蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、锌、硒、镁、铜、锰、钠、钾、铁、维生素Ａ、维生素Ｂ１、维生素Ｂ２、维生素Ｃ、维生素ＰＰ、维生素Ｅ和８种必需氨基酸（异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸）的摄入量与每人每天营养素标准供给量比较，均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１），其中只有铁和维生素Ｅ摄入尚足。同时，蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物三大供热营养素的产热百分比也存在明显不合理。结论：对缓解期ＣＯＰＤ和肺心病患者进行正确的膳食指导和营养干预治疗是其综合治疗不可缺少的一个重要方面

ANALYSIS OF A DIETARY SURVEY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC STABLE OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND COR PULMONALE

Objective:To determine relationship between malnutrition and nutritive intake in patients with chronic stable obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and cor pulmonale.Methods:A 24 hour diet retrospective survey was carried out in 156 stable patients with COPD and cor pulmonale in Beijing and Tangshan,and all patients were investigated at their home.Results:Significant differences in energy and 26 kinds of nutrients such as protein,lipid,carbohydrate,calcium,zinc,selenium,magnesium,copper,manganese,natrium,kaliu m,iron,vitamin A,vitamin B 1,vitamin B 2,vitamin C,vitamin PP,vitamin E,and eight kinds of essential amino acids were shown between recommend dietary allowance(RDA) and daily food intake(DFI)( P <0 01).The intake of iron and vitamin E was enough,whereas the intake of energy and other nutrients was not enough.Meanwhile,the calorigenic percentages of protein,lipid and carbohydrate were not fit for patients with COPD and cor pulmonale.Conclusion:Appropriate dietary guide and alimentotherapy is one of the most important sections of the treatment of stable patients with COPD and cor pulmonale.