四川省居民生命质量影响因素的研究

目的 找出影响生命质量的主要因素，为增进人群的生命质量提供参考依据。方法 用SF－36量表评价2249名四川居民的生命质量，同时调查可能影响生命质量的社会经济、文化因素、以及被调查对象的个人特征和慢性病情况。用t检验，方差分析和逐步回归对每一种影响因素分别分析，找出主要影响因素。结果 单因素分析时，是否患慢性病、年龄和性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、经济收入、家庭人口及家庭代数、城乡分布、医疗费用负担形式等11种因素与生命质量的各领域或大多数领域均有关系。但进一步的多因素分析，在排除了各因素之间的相互影响后发现，对生命质量的主要影响因素是疾病、经济收入、城乡分布、年龄和文化程度，婚姻对个别领域有影响。结论 注意慢性病的预防与控制，积极发展经济，提高人民的收入水平和文化教育程度是提高人群生命质量的关键；分城乡和年龄制定SF－36的人群正常参数值很有必要，是否分性别制定尚需进一步研究。

Factors that influence the quality of life of Sichuan population]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors influencing quality of life with the aim of providing evidence for valid health promotion measures. METHODS: The authors used the short form 36 to assess the quality of life of 2249 residents in Sichuan Province. The data of potential risk factors including social economic status, culture, chronic condition and personal characteristics were collected. The Student t test, variance analysis, and stepwise multivariate regression methods were used to test the impacts of different risk factors on quality of life. RESULTS: Chronic condition, age, sex, educational level, marital status, occupation, personal income, number of family members, number of generation in a family, inhabitant places (urban or rural), and way of payment of medical expenditure were correlated with all or most of the domains of the short form 36 in t-test or one-way variance analysis. When the effect of interaction between factors were excluded by use of multivariate regression, the chronic condition, personal income, inhabitant places, age, and educational level remained to be significant risk factors. Marital status also had impacts on a few domains. CONCLUSION: The key steps of promoting the quality of life should include the prevention and control of chronic conditions, the development of economy, and the improvement of people's income and educational level. It is necessary to provide norms of the short form 36 stratified by inhabitant's place and age. Further research would be needed to provide evidence for the necessity of norms stratified by sex.