三聚氰胺及其类似物致大鼠肾结石动物模型建立

目的探讨三聚氰胺及其类似物（三聚氰酸）致肾结石动物模型的建立方法.方法雌性SD大鼠48只（167～206 g）随机分为对照组和实验组.根据每只大鼠每日进食三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸量的不同,将实验组又随机分为A、B、C三组.将计算出的每只大鼠每日进食三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸的量,溶于2 mL1%羧甲基纤维素钠内配制成混悬液予实验组灌胃,灌胃1周.对照组每日予2 mL1%羧甲基纤维素钠灌胃1周.灌胃结束时检测大鼠血肌酐、尿素氮并观察肾脏病理切片.结果给予不同剂量三聚氰胺其类似物后观察肾脏病理切片均有结晶形成,但181 mg组动物死亡率高,32 mg组结石形成率低.结论采用121 mg/（kg.day）（2 mL/day,共1周）三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸灌胃,能成功建立三聚氰胺及其类似物（三聚氰酸）肾结石动物模型.

The Animal Model of Kidney Calculus Induced by the Melamine and its Analogues

Objective To investigate the method to establish the animal model of kidney calculus induced by the melamine and its analogues（cyanuric acid）.Methods 48 female SD rats（167～206 g） were divided into control group and experimental group.The experimental group,according to the daily per kilogram of body weight amount of melamine and cyanuric acid,was randomly divided into A,B,C three groups and the dose levels were 32 mg/（kg.day）,121 mg/（kg.day） and 181 mg/（kg.day） respectively.In experimental group,melamine and cyanuric acid suspended in 1%sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were administered by oral gavage for 1 week.In control group,2 mL 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was administered by oral gavage for 1 week.Then we detected the serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen and observed the renal histopathologic changes at the end of experiment.Results In all experiment groups after administration,crystals were found in histological sections of rats kidneys.but compared with 120 mg group,there was a higher mortality in 181mg group,the incidence of calculus formation was lower in 32 mg group.Conclusion Melamine and cyanuric acid are administered at dose level of 120 mg/（kg.d）by oral gavage and the animal model of kidney calculus can be established successfully.