变态反应患者过敏原体外检测与分析

目的探讨变态反应性疾病患者外周血清中总IgE和过敏原特异免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）的情况以及它们的相互关系。方法采用德国Mediwiss公司生产过敏原检测系统以免疫印迹法定量检测血清中总IgE和过敏原特异性sIgE抗体。结果272例变态反应性疾病患者在吸入组总IgE阳性检出率86.8%（236/272）,食物组总IgE阳性检出率为26.1%（71/272）;过敏原特异性抗体sIgE阳性检出率为80.5%（219/272）,检出2种和2种以上sIgE阳性率为60.3%（164/272）;189人检测到吸入组过敏原,64人检测到食物组过敏原,36人为吸入组和食物组混合过敏原。吸入组过敏原检出阳性项次共357项,最常见的过敏原为户尘螨,阳性率为44.1%（120/272）,其次为猫毛皮屑、狗毛皮屑组合26.8%（73/272）,蟑螂24.6%（67/272）和树花粉组合15.4%（42/272;,食物组检出阳性项次共74项,主要食物组过敏原阳性检出率依次为蟹、虾9.2%（25/272）、羊肉7.4%（20/272）、腰果3.7%（10/272）、小麦、2.6%（7/272）。对主要致病过敏原特异性sIgE浓度（分级）分析,户尘螨4~6级阳性检出率显著高于其它过敏原（P〈0.01）。结论体外总IgE和过敏原特异免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）检测,可以为临床确认过敏性体质、寻找相应过敏原、为变态反应性疾病的预防、诊断和治疗提供依据。

Vitro test and analysis of allergen of patients with allergic disease

Objective To investigate the correlation of allergy and the serum levels of allergen- specific IgE（slgE）and total IgE in the patients with allergy disease. Methods The serum levels of allergen- specific IgE（slgE）and total IgE were detected by Western Blot, and AllergyScreen An~tlytic GmbH test system was applied to test by Mediwiss company of German. Results The positive rate of total IgE of aeroallerger group and food allerger group were 86.8% ,26.1%, respectively. The total positive rate of slgE were 80.5 % （219/272）, While , Two and more positive of allergers- slgE were 60.3 % among the 272 cases. It was also showed that 189 cases were aerollergen-positive,64 cases were food-allerger -positive,and 36 cases were both aero and food-allergen-positive. The highest positive rate of allergen was house- dust mites 44. 1% （120/272）, Next was catdog hair26.8 % （73/272）, cockroach24.6 % （67/272） ,trees-pollensl5.4% （42/272）among aeroallerger group of 357 positive test. While in food allerger group,the most common allergen was crab-shrimp 9.19% （25/272）, mutton 7.35% （20/272）, cashew3.68 % （10/272）and wheat2.57 % （7/272）. Moreover, The level of allergen- specific IgE of house -dust mites was significantly higher than that of other allergen （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions In vitro test and analysis of allergen of patients with allergic disease can help usto find relevant allergen and to confirm allergen constitution of patients ,and provide foundation of the prevention and treatment of allergic disease.