糖尿病树鼩与人类糖尿病骨骼肌微血管超微病变的比较

目的：比较树鼩糖尿病模型与人类糖尿病骨骼肌微血管超微病变的异同点。方法：将高糖高脂喂养诱导树嗣糖尿病成模7周后的骨骼肌标本，以及伴糖尿病肾病和(或)糖尿病视网膜病变的糖尿病患者骨骼肌标本，经常规电镜制样处理后，分别对骨骼肌微血管超微病变进行观察。结果：树鼩骨骼肌微血管超微结构与人类基本相似，但前者微血管三层结构明显较人类薄。糖尿病树鼩骨骼肌微血管病变主要表现为内皮层向管腔突起，使管腔狭窄，但基底膜改变不明显；人类糖尿病骨骼肌微血管超微病变表现为内皮明显肿胀增厚，管腔狭窄明显，可有内皮破损现象，管壁可见血浆蛋白样物质附着，最突出的改变为基底膜的广泛性增厚。结论：实验性糖尿病树鼩在高血糖状态的早期阶段，骨骼肌微血管超微病变主要发生在内皮层，微血管基底膜无明显改变；而糖尿病患者骨骼肌微血管超微改变与树鼩最大的不同点在于，其微血管基底膜改变非常显著，呈广泛性增厚，这可能与其病程较长有关。

THE COMPARESON OF ULTRASTRUCTURE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE CAPILLARY BETWEEN DIABETIC TREE SHREWS AND HUMAN

Objective:The difference of ultrastructure of skeletal muscle capillary were compared between diabetic tree shrews and human. Methods:The samples of skeletal muscle with diabetic model in tree shrews fed with the high sugar high fatfood for 7 weeks, and howing diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy,were treated by routine preparation of samples for electronic microscopes and observed with electronic microscopes.Result:The ultrastructure of skeletal muscle capillary in tree shrews were similar basically to that of human, but the three layer ultrastructure of capillary the former were obviously thinner than that of human. The ultrastructure changes of skeletal muscle capillary in diabetic tree shrews were showed mainly in the endothelial processes toward the lumen and swelling. The lumen were narrowed and the changes of basement membrane were not obvious. The Ultrastructure of skeletal muscle capillary of diabetic patients showed obvious swelling and was thick in the endothelial cell,which may result in narrowing of the lumen. There were damages in the endothelial cell. The capillary wall showed serum protein materials. extensively thickening of basement membrane was the dominant change.Conclusion:In an experimental early stage,there were ultrastructure changes of skeletal muscle capillary in the endothelial cell in diabetic tree shrews on high glucose. But the changes of basement membrane were not obvious. Compared to diabetic tree shrews, the most obviovs difference were the extensively thickening and significant changes in basement membrane of skeletal muscle capillary on diabetic patients, which may be retated to the length of diabetis development.