药物化疗及健康教育综合防治华支睾吸虫病的效果

目的统计分析佛山市顺德区2009-2010年人群华支睾吸虫感染率、危害程度和人群防治知识知晓率等,评价药物化疗及健康教育等综合防治措施的效果,为今后有效预防控制华支睾吸虫感染、减少其所带来的社会及经济负担提供依据和实践经验。方法根据历史资料,在感染率相近的两个镇各选择一个村作为观察组和对照组,两组均开展健康教育,但观察组除健康教育外还对感染人群进行群体性服药,观察组人群不服药。干预前后分别检查人群华支睾吸虫感染率,并对部分人群进行B超、肝功能及防治知识知晓率和行为规范率等的检查和调查。结果观察组与对照组人群防治知识知晓率及行为规范率均显著提高;观察组人群干预前后华支睾吸虫感染率由63.0%下降至32.2%(χ2=165.64,P<0.05);B超检查肝胆异常率由85.5%下降至62.8%(χ2=17.58,P<0.05);肝功能异常率由22.7%下降为12.0%(χ2=4.33,P<0.05),干预前后差异均有统计学意义;而对照组人群上述检测指标干预前后差异无统计学意义。结论健康教育可以提高人群防治知识和行为水平,若结合药物化疗等综合防治措施可真正降低人群华支睾吸虫感染率,减少华支睾吸虫对人体的危害,从而减少由此带来的社会和经济负担。

Evaluation of health education and chemotherapeutic treatment on the prevention of clonorchiasis

Objective To analyze the infection rate,risk of infection and awareness of clonorchiasis in Shunde District,evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapeutics and health education measures,and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control the infection and reduce the social and financial burden of clonorchiasis. Methods Two villages with similar infection rate were studied in 2009-2010. Residents in the two villages were all provided with health education. Infected subjects in one of the villages were treated with therapeutics (experimental group) and residents in the another village were not treated(control group).Infection rate,health knowledge,behaviors and ultrasonic B examination,liver function indices were analyzed before and after the treatment. Results The awareness of infection was significantly increased in the two groups of residents.In the experimental group,the infection rate was significantly reduced from 63% to 32.2% (χ2=165.64,P<0.05). The abnormality rate of hepatobiliary system by B-ultrasonography and liver function was also reduced from 85.5% to 62.8%(χ2=17.58,P<0.05)and from 22.7% to 12.0%(χ2=4.33,P<0.05),respectively. All these parameters were not significantly changed in the control group. Conclusion The awareness of infection can be improved through health education. The infection rate can further be reduced by therapeutics.