OAS1基因多态性与儿童肠道病毒71型感染合并中枢神经系统受累相关

目的探讨OSA1基因多态性与肠道病毒71型（EV71）所致中枢神经系统感染的关联性。方法选取180例EV71感染患 儿进行病例对照研究，其中72例为无任何并发症的轻症，108例合并中枢神经系统受累，201例常规体检的儿童作为健康对照。 应用SNPscan 分型技术分析OAS1 基因rs2660 和rs1131454 的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。结果病例组和对照组在rs2660 和 rs1131454基因型和等位基因的分布上无显著差异。OAS1基因rs2660多态性在中枢神经系统受累儿童和轻度EV71感染者之 间有显著差异，中枢神经系统受累患儿AG基因型频率较高（OR=2.27，95% CI：1.07-4.85)，GG基因型频率较低（OR=0.27，95% CI：0.08-0.97）。rs1131454基因型和等位基因的分布在中枢神经系统受累患儿和轻症EV71感染儿童之间无显著差异。结论 OAS1基因rs2660 和rs1131454多态性和EV71感染易感性之间无显著相关。OAS1基因rs2660多态性与EV71感染合并中枢神 经系统受累易感性相关，携带OAS1 rs2660 AG基因型的患儿感染后合并中枢神经系统受累的概率更高。

OAS1 gene polymorphism is associated with central nervous system involvement in children with enterovirus 71 infection

Objective We investigated the association between OAS1 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to central nervous system (CNS) involvement of enterovirus (EV)71 infection. Methods This case-control study was conducted among 180 children with EV71 infection, including 72 with mild infections without any complications and 108 with severe infections and CNS involvement; 201 children undergoing routine physical examination served as the healthy controls. For all the participants, the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at OAS1 rs2660 and rs1131454 were analyzed using SNPscan multiple SNP typing methods. Results No significant differences were found between the case and control groups in genotype or allele distributions of rs2660 and rs1131454. OAS1 rs2660 polymorphism was significantly different between the children with CNS involvement and those with mild EV71 infection, and the genotype AG frequency was higher and the genotype GG frequency was lower in children with CNS involvement. No significant difference was found in the distribution of genotypes or alleles of rs1131454 between the children with CNS involvement and those with mild EV71 infection. Conclusion OAS1 gene rs2660 and rs1131454 SNPs are not associated with the susceptibility to or CNS involvement of EV71 infection, but OAS1 rs2660 SNPs are significantly correlated with the susceptibility to CNS involvement in EV71 infection. Children carrying OAS1 rs2660 AG genotype are more likely to have CNS involvement after EV71 infection.