磁共振灌注成像监测组织工程骨血管化的实验研究

目的探讨磁共振灌注成像在组织工程骨血管化监测中的应用价值。方法在13只恒河猴的25个胫骨上制备20mm的骨膜与骨缺损，依据填充的材料不同随机分为五组，A组：β-磷酸三钙（β-TCP）＋骨髓基质干细胞（BMSCs）＋血管束；B组：β-TCP＋血管束；C组：β-TCP＋BMSCs；D组：β-TCP；E组：空白对照。术后4、8、12周行磁共振灌注成像检查并计算信号强度-时间（SI-T）曲线的最大线性斜率（SSmax）和基线值（SIbeseline），拍摄恒河猴胫骨X线片并计算其透光度，同时行放射性核素骨显像检查。结果术后4、8、12周A组的SSmax值最高，术后8周与4周相比SSmax有较大幅度的提高（P=0．003）。术后8周A组5个样本的同位素计数比值与磁共振灌注成像检查的SSmax呈正相关关系（rs=0．899，P=0．038），术后12周A组5个样本的SSmax与X线片透光度呈负相关（rs=0．892，P=0．042）。结论SI-T曲线的SSmax能够准确地反映组织工程骨的血管化情况，磁共振灌注成像检查具有无创、无辐射、高灵敏度和可定量分析的优点。

Perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring vascularization in tissue-engineered bone in rhesuses

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (PWMRI) in monitoring vascularization in tissue-engineered bone graft. METHODS: Tibial diaphyseal defect of 20 mm was induced in 25 lower limbs of 13 rhesuses and fixed with an AO reconstruction plate with 7 holes. The monkeys were randomized into 5 groups according to the materials used for defect filling: group A, with beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP), bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and blood vessel bundles; group B, with beta-TCP and blood vessel bundles; group C, with beta-TCP and BMSCs; group D, with beta-TCP, and group E without filling. PWMRI, X-ray, and radionuclide imaging were carried out at weeks 4, 8, 12 postoperatively. The maximum slope rates of the single intensity-time curve (SS(max)) and the baseline values (SI(baseline)) on the same time points were calculated. Transmittances on the X-ray films and isotope counts in the region of interest (ROI) were assessed and calculated. RESULTS: Compared with other groups, group A showed the highest SS(max) at weeks 4, 8, and 12 postoperatively, and its SS(max) at week 8 was significantly higher than that at week 4 (P=0.003). The SS(max) was positively related to isotope counts in ROI at week 8 after operation (r(s)=0.899, P=0.038), and inversely related to transmittance on X-ray films at week 12 (r(s)=-0.892, P=0.042). CONCLUSION: The SS(max) of the single intensity-time curve can accurately reflect the vascularization of the tissue-engineered bone graft, and PWMRI allows sensitive, quantitative, noninvasive and radiation-free vascularization monitoring.