亲属活体供肾切取术式选择探讨

目的 探讨亲属活体供肾切取术式选择的策略及不同术式的临床效果.方法 回顾总结我院2004年1月至2007年6月119例亲属供肾切取的4种术式:(1)经腹部开放手术22例;(2)经腹膜后隙腹腔镜下切肾21例;(3)经腹手助式腹腔镜下切肾13例;(4)经腰部腹膜后隙开放手术切肾63例.比较开放手术与腹腔镜手术手取肾的手术时间、供肾热缺血时间、供肾动静脉长度、供肾移植后3 d内血肌酐的下降速度、供者术后平均住院日及住院费、供者术后并发症.结果 开放手术比腔镜手术组:手术时间短(P=0.0033)、供肾热缺血时间短(P=0.0001);供者术后住院时间长(P=0.0000) 住院费用多(P=0.0000);受者术后3 d血肌酐下降速度快(P=0.0001);供肾血管长(左P=0.0000,右P=0.0001).并发症:腔镜组:皮下气肿1例、DGF2例、术中腰静脉大出血改开放手术2例,开放组术后继发肾上腺大出血再手术1例.两组无移植肾丢失及供者生存意外发生.结论 开放手术与腔镜手术切取活体供肾均是安全的术式.亲属活体供肾切取术式的选择应根据供者肾脏血管的形态、供者体形、术侧、术者对术式的熟练程度综合决定.开放手术取肾稳妥、快捷;腔镜手术取肾损伤小,恢复快,供肾血管短、移植早期血肌苷下降速度慢.

Comparison of the surgical approaches for nephrectomy in living related donors

Objective To compare the clinical effects and graft outcomes of 4 surgical approaches for nephrectomy in living related kidney donors.Methods Between June,2004 and June,2007,119 living related kidney donors underwent nephrectomy via different surgical approaches,and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Of these donors,22 received retroperitoneal open nephrectomy,21 had retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy,13 had hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy,and 63 underwent transperitoneal open nephrectom...