4 081例住院孕妇妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症发病率及分布特征

 目的  调查妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, ICP)的发病及分布情况, 描述ICP的流行病学特征。方法  选择安徽省安庆市立医院为研究现场, 分析2014年1月至2015年3月到安庆市立医院初次就诊并住院分娩的所有孕妇的临床资料。根据纳入和排除标准组成队列, 计算住院孕妇的ICP发病率; 根据ICP的人群分布、空间分布、时间分布特征分别进行分组和比较, 对结果进行统计学描述。结果  最终共有4 081例孕妇纳入研究, ICP发病率为8. 55%。其分布特征表现为:入院孕周在34~37周、文化程度在初中及以下、携带HBV的孕妇ICP发病率较高, 分别为18. 40%、11. 35%和12. 80%; 居住地在安徽省池州市的孕妇ICP发病率较高, 为14. 83%。结论  妊娠晚期、受教育程度较低、携带HBV的孕妇发病率高, 需引起注意, 加强监测, 并进行进一步探索。

Incidence and characteristics of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in 4 081 hospitalized pregnant women

Objective  To investigate the incidence and distribution of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), and to describe its epidemiological characteristics. Methods  Anqing municipal hospital of Anhui Province, China, was selected as the specific field for the study. The clinical data of 4 226 pregnant women who were first treated and hospital delivery in Anqing Municipal Hospital from Jan., 2014 to Mar., 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, a cohort was established to calculate the incidence of ICP of hospitalized pregnant women. Enrolled women were grouped and compared according to the characteristics of population distribution, spatial distribution and time distribution. Results  A total of 4 081 pregnant women were included in the study, among which 349 had ICP, the incidence of ICP of hospitalized pregnant women was 8. 55%. Pregnant women who were in 34-37 weeks of gestation, whose diploma was in the junior high school and below, and who was HBV carrier showed higher ICP incidence (18. 40%, 11. 35% and 12. 80%, respectively). Women lived in Chizhou city of Anhui Province had higher ICP incidence (14. 83%). Conclusions  ICP mainly occurs in pregnant women whose diploma is lower, who was HBV carrier, and who was in third trimester of pregnancy. Attention needs to be paid to these characteristics to strengthen monitoring and make further study.