江阴市居民合理膳食知识和行为干预效果评价

目的为提高居民营养知识水平,养成合理膳食的行为习惯,降低营养缺乏和营养过剩及相关慢性疾病的发生。方法对2个自然村及1所中学开展以合理膳食、降低相关慢性疾病的发生为重点的营养知识普及教育。结果通过一定的宣传教育,居民对《中国居民膳食指南》的知晓率、合理膳食的相关知识水平及合理膳食行为的形成率明显提高,但居民的膳食营养观点、主食观点、对蔬菜和水果营养的了解和饮用水知识并无明显提高;常吃水果、喝水以饮用水和茶为主及每天参加锻炼等合理膳食行为的形成率无明显提高。结论合理膳食教育是一项长期工作。营养知识的普及要针对各类目标人群,采用常见的传媒方式开展,其内容要与当地的膳食习惯相结合。

Residents’ rational dietary knowledge and behavioral intervention effect evaluation in Jiangyin

Objective To improve the nutrition knowledge level ofresidents,cultivate rational dietary habit,and reduce the occurance of nutritional deficiency nutrition surplus and related chronic diseases.Method Develop universal education of nutrition knowledge emphasizing on rational diet and reduction of related chronic diseases in two villages and one middle school.Results Through a certain propaganda education,residents' awareness of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents,relevant knowledge of rational diet and formation rate of rational dietary behavior had improved significantly.But residents' viewpoints on dietary nutrition and staple food,and their knowledge about fruits and vegetables nutrition,and drinking water had no obvious improvement.The formation rate of some rational dietary behaviors,such as,eating more fruit,drinking water and tea,taking exercise every day had no obvious improvement.Conclusions Rational dietary education was a long-term work.The popularity of nutrition knowledge should be developed by the common media ways aiming at all kinds of target population,and its content should combine with the local dietary habit.