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动脉粥样硬化中的巨噬细胞极化
引用本文:Prateek Neupane,肖胜军.动脉粥样硬化中的巨噬细胞极化[J].华夏医学,2014,27(6):174-177.
作者姓名:Prateek Neupane  肖胜军
作者单位:桂林医学院附属医院,广西桂林,541001
摘    要:动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis)是一个复杂的代谢性心血管疾病,在动脉内膜局部脂质入侵积聚、泡沫细胞增多、炎性病变加剧、粥样斑块坏死和崩解、溃疡出血和血栓形成、纤维组织增生和钙化等炎症现象为基本特征的病理变化,而在此过程中,巨噬细胞起到重要作用.巨噬细胞参与各种炎症反应,研究表明巨噬细胞能根据组织微环境改变其表型,在炎症的不同时期发挥不同的功能.巨噬细胞表型的转化也就是极化在动脉粥样硬化的形成和发展过程中起着重要的作用.现就巨噬细胞不同表型分类及各类型之间的转化及机制作一综述.

关 键 词:动脉粥样硬化  巨噬细胞  巨噬细胞极化  微小核糖核酸  转录因子

Polarization of macrophage in atherosclerosis
Prateek Neupane,XIAO Sheng-jun.Polarization of macrophage in atherosclerosis[J].Acta Medicinae Sinica,2014,27(6):174-177.
Authors:Prateek Neupane  XIAO Sheng-jun
Institution:Prateek Neupane, XIAO Sheng-jun ( The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China)
Abstract:Atherosclerosis is a complicated metabolic cardiovascular disease, which is characterized by basic pathological changes: deposits of fatty materials within the intima of arteries, increased foam cells, intensified inflammation, necrosis and collapse of atheromatous plaque, ulcer bleeding and thrombosis, inflammation phenomenon such as fibrous tissue proliferation and calcification. However, maerophages play an important role in this process, participating in a variety of inflam- matory responses. Reseaches showed that macrophages can change its phenotype according to the tissue microenvironment and thus functions diversifiedly in different periods of inflammation. Mac- rophages phonotype transformation, ie, the polarization plays a pivotal role in the process of the formation and development of atherosclerosis. This paper systemically reviews and focuse on the classification of different macrophage phonotypes, conversion between various types and the under- lying mechanisms.
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