基于因子分析的疲劳性亚健康人群中医证候及证候要素特点的研究

目的：探讨疲劳性亚健康人群的中医证候及证候要素特点。方法：根据疲劳性亚健康状态中医证候研究调查表收集的资料，对四诊信息进行因子分析，提取符合要求的公因子，并对其进行中医证候诠释。结果：对64个四诊信息变量进行因子分析，共获得64个公因子，提取其中特征根值〉1的18个公因子，根据中医理论对各公因子的症状组合进行初步诠释。提示的证候要素有15个，其中病位类为肝、心、脾、肺、肾、胃、胆；病性类为气滞、热（火）、痰、湿、阴虚、阳虚、气虚、血虚。提示的常见证候有16个，虚证类为肝阴虚、心血虚、心胆气虚、肾阴虚、脾气虚、肺气虚、肾气不固；实证类为肝气郁结、肝郁化火、脾胃气滞、胃火炽盛、湿热内阻、气郁痰阻、痰湿中阻；虚实夹杂类为脾虚湿阻、肝郁脾虚。结论：基于因子分析初步提取的疲劳性亚健康人群的常见证候与证候要素，为今后进一步研究其辨证规范提供一定依据。

Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Their Elements in People with Fatigue Subhealth Based on Factor Analysis

Objective： To explore the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes and their elements in people with subhealth of fatigue. Methods： On the basis of the data fram the inveatigation forms about the TCM symptoms in people with subhealth of fatigue, the diagnostic information was analyzed based on the factors. The common factors were extracted and interpreted according to the syndrome differentiation theory of TCM. Results： Sixty-four common factors were obtained through factor analysis of 64 TCM four diagnostic variables. Eighteen common factors were extracted, the characteristic roots of which were all more than one. According to TCM theory, the various symptom combinations of common factors were initially interpreted. There were 15 syndrome elements, including the disease location elements and disease nature elements. The disease location elements were liver, heart, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach and gallbladder, and the disease nature elements were qi stagnation, heat （fire）, phlegm, dampness, yin deficiency, yang deficiency, qi deficiency and blood deficiency. There were 16 common syndromes including deficiency syndromes, excess syndromes and mixture of deficiency and excess syndromes. The deficiency syndromes were deficiency of liver yin, deficiency of heart blood, deficiency of heart and gallbladder qi, deficiency of kidney yin, deficiency of spleen qi, deficiency of lung qi and unconsolidation of kidney qi. The excess syndromes were stagnation of liver qi, liver depression transforming into fire, stagnation of spleen and stomach qi, intense stomach-fire, internal obstruction of dampheat, qi depression and phlegm obstruction and phlegm-dampness obstructing middle energizer. Mixture of deficiency and excess syndromes were damp obstruction due to spleen deficiency and liver stagnation and spleen deficiency： Conclusion： The common syndromes and syndrome elements in people with subhealth of fatigue obtained on the basis of factor analysis may provide the evidence for syndrome differentiation standardization of subhealth of fatigue.