牙周炎动物模型的建立

目的：将局部因素和全身因素结合起来，建立一个近似临床牙周炎表现的实验性动物模型。方法：选用3月龄的雌性Wistar大白鼠51只，随机分成4组：对照组，激素组，结扎组，去势加结扎组。对照组每只大白鼠每只每日肌注生理盐水0.4 mL，激素组每只每日应用地塞米松1 mg溶于0.4 mL生理盐水中肌注，结扎组大白鼠上颌第一磨牙牙颈部用正畸钢丝结扎，去势加结扎组大白鼠行双侧卵巢摘除术并在其上颌第1磨牙牙颈部用正畸钢丝结扎。采用组织病理学及骨密度测定的方法来观察各种动物的牙周炎形成状况。结果：双侧卵巢切除后的大白鼠牙槽骨骨密度降低显著；激素组的大白鼠牙龈乳头炎症较轻，牙周膜未见明显变化；结扎组牙周组织局部菌斑蓄积，导致局部机械和炎症性刺激变化；去势加结扎组，牙槽骨骨密度降低，牙齿松动，牙周袋形成，出现了近似人类牙周炎的病理变化。结论: 摘除大白鼠双侧卵巢，并用钢丝结扎上颌第1磨牙的方法获得较为完善和稳定的牙周炎实验动物模型。

Establishment of animal model of periodontitis

ObjectiveTo establish the animal model of periodontitis. MethodsFifty one two month old female white rats were selected and divided into four groups randomly: control group, hormone group, ligation group, ovariectomized and ligation group. The control group was treated with intramuscular injection of 0 4 mL 0 9% NaCl each day. The hormone group was treated with intramuscular injection of 1 mg dexamthasone and 0 4 mL 0 9% NaCl each day For the ligation group, the white rat′s maxillary first molar was ligated by orthodontics wire around the cervical. In the ovariectomized and ligation group, the same tooth was ligated by orthodontics wire after being bilateral overiectomized. The formation of periodontitis in each group was observed with histopathological method and determination of alveolar bone density. ResultsThe results demonstrated that after bilateral ovariectomized, the rat′s alveolar bone density decreased significantly. The hormone group showed the clinical syndrome so called “kidney deficiency” in traditional Chinese medicine. In ligation group the local bacterial plaque accumulated around the periodontal tissues and resulted in the mechanical and inflammatory stimulate changes. In the ovariectomized and ligation group, the pathological changes resembling the human periodontitis were observed in the rat models, such as the decreased alveolar bone density, the absorbed and destructured alveolar bone, the loose tooth and the formatted pocket. ConclusionPeriodontitis models were established by means of the ovariectomized and ligation.