骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折危险因素调查分析

目的筛选原发性骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折住院患者骨折相关危险因素，为制定预防及降低胸腰椎骨折发生率的有效方案提供参考。方法采用现场问卷调查方式，以100例骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折患者为观察组，100例骨质疏松性非胸腰椎骨折且生活区域等基线资料与观察组对应的患者为对照组，运用统一的调查表调查研究对象的体质指数、骨折史及骨折防护措施等。结果在每天摄入钙、年龄、脆性骨折史、体育锻炼、日照时间、防护措施及吸烟方面，两组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；在性别、体重指数、骨折家族史及饮酒方面，组间比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论南宁地区居民每天摄入钙量不足、衰老、有脆性骨折史、缺乏体育锻炼、日照时间不足及缺乏有效的骨折防护措施可增加骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折的风险。调整膳食、预防衰老、增加日照时间、增强体育运动、加强骨折家庭及社压防护措施，有利于预防骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折。

Investigation and Analysis on Risk Factors of Thoracolumbar Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures

Objective To investigate the risk factors for primary thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral fractures in inpatients, and provide the reference for formulating the effective solution of prevention and reducing the incidence of thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Methods All 100 cases of thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral fractures were enrolled as the observa- tion group;while 100 cases of osteoporotic without thoracolumbar vertebral fracture,who have the similar living areas baseline data at the scene as the observation group, were enrolled in the control group. The questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the BMI, history of fractures and fracture prevention measures, etc. Results There was statistical significance （ P 〈 0.05 ） in the dietary intake of calcium, age, history of brittle fracture, physical exercise, mean duration of basking periods, protective measures and smoking,but not in the gender, body mass index, family history of fractures and drinking factors （ P 〉 O. 05 ）. Conclusion The thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral fractures of Nanning residents are relevant to calcium intake, age, history of brittle fracture, physical exercise, mean duration of basking periods and protective measures. Therefore, there will be great value of preventing the thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral fractures through diet adjustment, prevention of aging, increasing duration of sunshine, strengthening physical exercise, attaching importance to home and community protection of fracture.