不同脂肪酸对高胆固醇血症小鼠体质量和血脂的影响

目的：比较6种脂肪酸对高胆固醇血症小鼠体质量和血脂的影响。方法建立C57BL/6J小鼠高胆固醇血症模型，分别用含2%的辛酸（C8∶0）、癸酸（C10∶0）、油酸（C18∶1）、α-亚麻酸（C18∶3）、棕榈酸（C16∶0）和硬脂酸（C18∶0）高胆固醇饲料喂养12周，12周时检测血脂及脂蛋白相关指标。结果研究12周后各组小鼠体质量均显著增加，辛酸（C8∶0）、癸酸（C10∶0）、油酸（C18∶1）对控制体质量增加的作用较棕榈酸（C16∶0）和硬脂酸（C18∶0）差异显著（P＜0.05）；6种脂肪酸均显示出不同程度血总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol， LDL-C）降低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值（HDL-C/LDL-C）增加的作用。辛酸（C8∶0）、癸酸（C10∶0）和α-亚麻酸（C18∶3）降低TC和LDL-C及升高HDL-C/LDL-C比值的作用比油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸显著（P＜0.05）。结论中链的饱和脂肪酸（saturated fatty acid，SFA）较长链的SFA降低小鼠体质量和血脂的作用显著。

Effects of different fatty acids on body weight and blood lipid in hypercholesterolemia mice

Objective To compare the effects of 6 fatty acids on body weight and blood lipid in hypercholesterolemia mice. Methods A hypercholesterolemia model of C57BL/6J mice was established. Twelve weeks after the animals were fed with high cholesterol diets containing 2%caprylic acid （C8 ∶ 0）, capric acid （C10 ∶ 0）, palmitic acid （C16 ∶ 0）, oleic acid（C18 ∶ 1）,α-linolenic acid（C18∶3） or stearic acid （C18∶0） , their blood lipid and lipoprotein levels were measured. Results The body weight increased significantly in different groups 12 weeks after they were fed with different fatty acids, and was significantly higher in animals fed with C8∶0, C10：0 and C18∶1 than in those fed with C16∶0 and C18∶0 group （P＆lt;0.05）. The 6 fatty acids decreased the serum TC and LDL-C levels and increased the serum HDL-C and LDL-C levels. The serum TC and LDL-C levels were significantly lower whereas the serum HDL-C and LDL-C levels were significantly higher in the animals fed with C8∶0, C10∶0 and C18∶3 than in those fed with C16∶0 and C18∶0 （P＆lt;0.05）. Conclusion The inhibitory effect of medium chain fatty acids is much better than that of longer chain saturated fatty acids on body weight and blood lipid in C57BL/6J mice.