不同氨基酸对小鼠血糖影响的研究

目的观察不同氨基酸对昆明（KM）小鼠餐后血糖水平的影响。方法将KM小鼠按空腹血糖随机分为对照组和不同氨基酸组,每组15只;氨基酸组给予氨基酸（2g/kg）和葡萄糖（2g/kg）混合液灌胃,对照组仅给予葡萄糖（2g/kg）灌胃,测定灌胃后0.5h、1h、2h的血糖水平。结果 1）摄入D-亮氨酸或L-亮氨酸后0.5h、1h、2h血糖和血糖曲线下面积（AUC）明显低于对照组;与D-亮氨酸组相比,摄入L-亮氨酸后0.5h、1h和2h血糖及AUC降低,并具有显著性差异;摄入D-苯丙氨酸或L-苯丙氨酸后0.5h血糖和AUC明显低于对照组;与D-苯丙氨酸组相比,摄入L-苯丙氨酸后0.5h血糖水平有所降低,但无统计学差异。2）摄入苯丙氨酸0.5h血糖和AUC明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）;摄入缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、赖氨酸后0.5h、1h血糖和AUC明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）;摄入亮氨酸、色氨酸后0.5h、1h、2h血糖和AUC明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）。3）摄入谷氨酰胺和丝氨酸后0.5h血糖水平显著低于对照组;摄入甘氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、半胱氨酸、脯氨酸后0.5h、1h血糖和AUC显著低于对照组（P〈0.01）,而摄入天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、谷氨酸、组氨酸及天冬酰胺组0.5h血糖水平与其对照组相比无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论氨基酸可明显降低KM小鼠餐后血糖水平,其中亮氨酸降糖作用较强。

Effect of amino acids on blood glucose levels in mice

Objective To observe the effect of amino acids on postprandial blood glucose level in Kunming mice.Methods Kunming mice were divided into control group and experimental group（15 in each group） according to their fasting blood glucose levels.Mice in experimental group were orally given a mixture of amino acid（2g/kg） and glucose（2g/kg） while those in control group received glucose（2g/kg） only.Blood glucose levels in the animals were measured at 0.5,1 and 2h after intake of glucose.Results The blood glucose levels and the area under AUC at 0.5,1,and 2h after intake of D-leucine and L-leucine were significantly lower in experimental group than in control group,but no significant difference was observed at 0.5h after intake of D-leucine and L-leucine.The blood glucose levels and the area under AUC were significantly lower in experimental group than in control group at 0.5h after intake of D-phenylalanine,but no significant difference was observed at 1 and 2h after intake of L-phenylalanie.The blood glucose levels and the area under AUC were significantly lower in experimental group than in control group at 0.5h after intake of phenylalanine（P〈0.01）,but no significant difference was found at 0.5 and 1h after intake of valine,isoleucine,methionine,threonine,and lysine.The blood glucose levels and the area under AUC were significantly lower in experimental group than in control group at 0.5,1 and 2h after intake of leucine and tryptophan（P〈0.01） and at 0.5h after intake of glutamine and serine,at 0.5 and 1h after intake of glycine,arginine,alanine,cysteine,proline（P〈0.01）,but no significant difference was observed at 0.5h after intake of aspartate,tyrosine,glutamate,histidine and asparagine between the two groups.Conclusion Amino acids,especially leucine,can significantly decrease the postprandial blood glucose level in Kunming mice.