单侧颈动脉结扎结合枕大池二次注血建立改良脑血管痉挛模型

目的 在枕大池二次注血模型基础上结扎单侧颈动脉,尝试建立一种适合脑血管痉挛后脑损害研究的动物模型。方法 30只新西兰兔随机分为假手术组、注血组和结扎注血组各10只。注血组和结扎注血组均行枕大池二次注血；结扎注血组加行单侧颈动脉结扎。于首次注血后5 d处死全部动物,脑组织切片后行H-E及Tunel染色,测量基底动脉直径并行海马神经元凋亡计数。结果 假手术组动物术后全部存活,注血组术后存活率90%,结扎注血组存活率70%。注血组及结扎注血组均出现明显基底动脉痉挛及海马神经元凋亡(P＜0.001),结扎注血组基底动脉直径与注血组差异无统计学意义(P=0.342),结扎注血组海马神经元凋亡细胞计数较注血组高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.005)。结论 单侧颈动脉结扎结合枕大池二次注血可建立脑缺血损伤症状更严重的脑血管痉挛模型。

Common carotid artery occlusion combined with double subarachnoid hemorrhage for modifying cerebral vasospasm model

Objective To establish an animal model with more serious ischemic brain damage by combining unilateral carotid artery ligation with double injection model of cisterna magna. Methods Thirty New Zealand rabbits were evenly randomized into sham group, subarachnoid hemarrhage (SAH) group, and SAH + carotid artery occlusion (CAO) group. Double blood injection was performed in SAH group and SAH+CAO group; right carotid artery ligation was also performed in the SAH+CAO group. All the animals were sacrificed at day 5 after the first blood injection, and then H-E and TUNEL staining were performed for the brain tissue sections. The diameter of the basilar artery was measured and the neuronal apoptosis was counted at the hippocampus region. Results The survival rate for the sham group, SAH group, and SAH+CAO group were 100%, 90%, and 70%, respectively. Compared with the sham group, SAH group and SAH+CAO group had significant basilar artery vasospasm and neural apoptosis(P<0.001). The diameters of basilar artery were not significantly different between SAH group and SAH+CAO group (P=0.342); however, the neuronal apoptosis count in hippocampal region was significantly higher in SAH+CAO group than in SAH group (P=0.005). Conclusion Unilateral carotid artery ligation combined with double injection model of cisterna magna can be used to establish a more serious cerebral vasospasm model.