中山市1980～2004年狂犬病流行特征分析

目的 分析中山市1980～2004年狂犬病流行特征，为控制狂犬病流行的提供依据。方法应用回顾流行病学进行综合分析、统计处理。结果除了1980年发生狂犬病的爆发流行外，余各年均为散发，流行年平均发病率为0．42／10万。犬是人狂犬病的重要传染源，占92．0％。散发狂犬病的因素：一是犬养殖数增加，管理措施滞后。二是群众狂犬病防制知识匮乏，自我防范意识薄弱。三是农村养犬以散养为主，流浪犬时有出现。四是输入性病例逐年增加。结论加强犬类的管理，利用各种宣传媒介，采用多种通俗易懂的形式，多部门合作，提高群众狂犬病知识的学习和自我防范意识，提倡暴露前免疫接种。

Analysis of prevalent features of rabies in Zhongshan City in 1980 ～ 2004

Objective To analyse the data concerning the prevalence of rabies in Zhongshan City from 1980 to 2004 and provide scientific basis for making effective control measures. Methods Retrospective epidemiological method was used in the surevey. Results Rabies infections in all the years occurred sporadically except the outbreak in 1980.The average incidence in epidemic years was 4.2 per million and the dogs were the main source of infection,accounted for 92.0%.The main factors assoicted with the sporadic distribution of rabies infection were,a)the number of dogs raised was increasing and without adequate management;b)the knowledge for prevention and control of rabies was lacking and without the conception of proper self-protection;c)the dogs were raised freely and there were sometimes wandering dogs;d)the noumber of imported rabies cases was increasing. Conclusion It is suggested that management of dogs be strengthened and health education on prevention and control of rabies be carried out in order to enhance people's consiousnesss of self-protection and immunization with rabies vaccine.