职业卫生1-2-0分类管理模式构建研究

目的研究职业卫生监督管理新方法,为提高职业卫生监管工作质量和效能提供依据。方法运用职业卫生风险管理和质量管理等相关理论,初步评估企业的综合风险指数,提出职业卫生1-2-0分类管理的监管模式,并考核模式的应用效果。结果根据用人单位职业病危害的综合风险大小和1-2-0分类管理方法,可将用人单位分为职业病危害严重企业（1类）,职业病危害一般企业（2类）,职业病危害轻微或无毒害企业（0类）,然后对1类企业进行重点覆盖、强化监督、限期整改、降低风险,对2类企业进行常规监管,对0类企业进行简化监管,有效提高监管工作效率和质量。结论构建职业卫生1-2-0分类管理的监管模式,对提高职业卫生监管效率和质量、降低职业危害事故的发生有重要的现实意义。

Study on occupational health 1-2-0 classfication management model

Objective To investigate new ways of occupational health supervision and management and provide reference for enhancement of monitoring and managerial quality and effectiveness.Methods Risk management,quality management and other occupational health relevant theory were applied in this study to assess the comprehensive risk index of the enterprises,then put forward 1-2-0 Classifying Management Model of Occupational Health and evaluate the effect of this model after implementation.Results According to the comprehensive risk index of units implementing this model and 1-2-0 Classifying Management Model of Occupational Health,units implentated this model were classified as the enterprises with severe occupational diseases（Type I）,Enterprises with common occupational diseases（Type II）,Enterprises with light or without occupational diseases（Type 0）.Intervention measures including full coverage,intensified monitoring,forced monification in a centain period,reducing risk were taken on management and monitoring of Type I enterprises.The measures of regular monitoring and management were given to Type II enterprises,while simple management was given to Type 0 enterprises.After implementation of this model the working efficacy and quality were enhanced.Conclusion The 1-2-0 Classifying Management Model of Occupational Health is a new way for monitoring and management of enterprises and it is of great significance in enhancing efficacy and quality of occupational health.