江苏省泰州市麻风病院村内麻风病休养员生存现状

目的 通过对泰州市3所麻风病院村内麻风病休养员生存现状分析,为进一步加强对麻风这一弱势群体的关爱提供依据。方法 使用“麻风病治愈存活者随访报告卡”和“江苏省麻风院村内治愈存活者个人信息复核表”,对历史登记在册的泰州市辖区内3所麻风病院村内所有麻风休养员进行逐一调查,填写调查问卷,并对数据进行分析,对所有患者畸残情况和残疾证等拍照取证。结果 2017年,泰州市辖区内3所麻风病院村内共有麻风病休养员270例,其中男性203例,女性67例,性别比3.03∶1;最小的54岁,最大的97岁,平均（73.86±6.82）岁;完全或部分丧失劳动能力的分别占55.56%、40.37%;有259例(95.93%)存在不同程度的畸残,其中双手都是爪形手的最多,其次是小腿截肢,平均每位麻风休养员有2.58个部位存在可见性畸残。270名休养员中拥有残疾证的156人(57.78%),享受低保或五保的共159人,其中低保109人(40.37%),五保50人(18.52%);康复需求量最大的是防护鞋(78.82%),其次是轮椅(69.26%),安装假肢(36.06%),拐杖(18.22%)。结论 麻风这一弱势群体,应从生活救助、畸残康复、消除歧视等方面得到社会各界的积极关注。

Survival status of leprosy convalescent in leprosy hospital village in Taizhou,Jiangsu

Objective To analyze the living situation of leprosy convalescents in three leprosy hospitals village in Taizhou,and we provide evidence for strengthening the care for leprosy. Methods The following-up report card of leprosy cured survivors and the personal information checklist of cured survivors in the village of Leprosy Hospital in Jiangsu Province were used, all the leprosy convalescents in the villages of the 3 leprosy hospitals in the Taizhou districts with a history of registration were surveyed one by one, the questionnaires were filled out, the data were analyzed, and all the patients were photographed for evidence of deformity and disability. Results There were 270 cases of leprosy convalescent in three leprosy hospitals villages in Taizhou, of which 203 were males and 67 were females, with a sex ratio of 3.03∶1; the youngest was 54 years old, and the oldest 97 years old, with an average age of (73.86±6.82); 55.56% and 40.37% of them were completely or partially incapacitated; 259 cases (95.93%) had different degree of deformity, and the most were both claw-shaped hands, followed by lower leg amputation, an average of 2.58 visible deformities were found in each convalescent leper. Among the 270 rest-and-recuperation convalescent , 156(57.78%) had disability certificates, 109(40.37%) had low-income insurance, 50(18.52%) had five guarantees insurance; and 78.82% needed protective shoes, 69.26% needed wheelchair, followed by the fitting of artificial limbs (36.06%) and crutches (18.22%). Conclusion Leprosy, as a vulnerable group, should receive great attention from all walks of life from the aspects of relief, rehabilitation and elimination of discrimination.