深圳市龙华区2016年手足口病流行病学和病原学特征

目的 本研究对深圳市龙华区2016年手足口病(Hand-foot-and-mouth disease,HFMD)的流行病学和病原学特征进行分析,为辖区内HFMD预防和控制策略的制订提供重要科学依据.方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统获取深圳市龙华区2016年HFMD的流行病学数据;采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对辖区278例HFMD病例样本进行肠道病毒(Enteroviurs,EV)、肠道病毒71型(Enteroviurs 71,EV-A71)和柯萨奇病毒A16(Coxsackievirus A16,CV-A16)核酸检测,并对非EV-A71非CV-A16的其他肠道病毒进行VP1区序列测定进行亚型鉴定和进化分析.结果 2016年深圳市龙华区HFMD发病率较高的两个街道分别是龙华街道和观澜街道;发病曲线呈双峰分布,分别为5-7月份和9-11月份;5岁以下儿童占全部发病数的96.06％;2016年深圳市龙华区HFMD的优势病原为柯萨奇病毒A16 (CoxsackievirusA16,CV-A16),构成比为41.53％.结论 深圳市龙华区应进一步加强HFMD的流行病学和病原学监测,为进一步完善HFMD防控策略提供科学数据支持.

Characteristics of epidemiology and pathogen of hand-foot-mouth-disease in Longhua District of Shenzhen in 2016

Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological features of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in Longhua District, Shenzhen City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the HFMD prevention and control strategies in this area.Methods HFMD epidemiological data in Longhua District, Shenzhen City in 2016 were obtained from the China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the nucleic acid detections of EV, EV-A71 and CV-A16 of 278 HFMD cases were performed by means of fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, and VP1 sequencing, subtype identification and evolutionary analysis of non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 were carried out.Results Longhua Street and Guanlan Street of Longhua District were confirmed to have higher prevalence of HFMD in 2016.The curve of incidence showed a bimodal distribution, with May-July reaching the main peak and September November as the second peak.The children under 5 years old occupied 96.06％ of the total cases.The prevailing pathogen of HFMD was CV-A16, with the constituent ratio of 41.53％.Conclusion It is urged to further reinforce the monitoring of HFMD epidemic and pathogen, in order to serve as a scientific data to support the further improvement of HFMD prevention and control strategies.