健康教育干预疟疾流行的研究

目的：探索江苏省疟疾高发地区健康教育干预疟疾流行的效果。方法：实验点实行健康教育为主的干预措施，与对照点同时实施相同的防治措施，在不同人群中进行KAP调查和疫情监测，以掌握居民的疟防知识水平、自我保护和参与意识、疫情控制程度等变化情况。结果：当地居民的防疟知识掌握率、防疟态度正确率和防疟行为良好率分别从干预前的27．51％、43．96％和50．39％提高到干预后的83．48％、92．95％和93．83％；对防治疟疾是社区的大家的共同责任及发热接受血检率等指标分别从干预前的20．22％和49．26％提高至干预后的75．37％和80．42％；露宿习惯从干预前的经常露宿率占39．55％下降至干预后的7．85％；疟疾发病率从干预前的57．54／万下降至干预后的23．81／万。结论：应用健康教育干预疾病的流行，其效果确实，可作为疟疾防治的重要措施之一加以推广应用。

Study on the intervention of malaria prevalence through health education

Objective To explore the effectiveness of health education as one of malaria intervention approaches.Methods The intervention approach of health education was carried out in experimental villages,and same countermeasures were undertaken both in experimental and control villages.The KAP investigation and disease surveillance were performed in different populations to understand the changes of self-prevention councious ness,involvement of disease control,and prevalence in experimental population.Results The rates of malaria knowledge,correct attitude,and good practices were increased form 27.51%,43.96%,and 50.39% before intervention to 83.48%,92.95%,and 93.83% after the intervention in local residets,respectively.The rates of awareness of community participation in malaria control,and blood examination in fever patients were elevated from 20.22%,and 9.26% before intervention to 75.37%,and 80.42% after intervention,respectively.The rate of sleeping in the open was reduced from 39.55% befroe to 7.85% after intervention.And malaria incidence rate was declined from 57.54 per 10 000 people before intervention to 23.81 per 10 000 people after intervention.Conclusion The effectiveness of health education in intervention of malaria transmission was confirmed.The intervention is able to be promoted as one of important approaches to control malaria.