延边地区朝鲜族和汉族小学生睡眠状况分布特征

[目的]研究延边地区朝鲜族和双族小学生睡眠状况分布特征．[方法]于2011年6月－2012年6月间，选择8～12岁学生3147名（朝鲜族2207名，汉族940名）作为研究对象，收集其睡眠状况的相关信息．[结果]朝鲜族和汉族男生睡眠时间（h）分别为8．38±0．71，9．13±0．67，女生分别为8．41±0．75，9．17±0．65，睡眠时间随年龄的增长呈显著降低的趋势（F朝男=56．673，F朝女=98．225，F汉女=15．468，均P〈0．001）；朝鲜族和汉族男生就寝时间（h）分别为20．83±0．61和20．39±0．54，女生分别为20．78±0．65和20．35±0．58，就寝时间随年龄的增长呈显著升高的趋势（F朝男=38．044，F汉男=4．211，F朝女=81．110，F汉女=17．527，均P〈0．001）；朝鲜族和汉族男生晨起时间（h）分别为5．61±0．52，5．91±0．43，女生分别为5．59±0．52，5．93±0．39，晨起时间随年龄的增长呈显著降低的趋势（F朝男＝8．259，F朝女＝8．227，均P〈0．01）．睡眠时间〈8．6h，8．6～9．0h，≥9．1h者所占比例在朝鲜族男生中分别为45．6％，39．5％，14．9％，汉族男生中分别为13．1％，23．5％，63．3％，朝鲜族女生中分别为42．0％，41．1％，16．9％，汉族女生中分别为8．8％，29．9％，61．3％，不同民族学生睡眠时间分布特征存在差异（χ2男=37．001，）（χ2女=17．567，P〈0．001）．[结论]延边地区小学生睡眠状况及不同睡眠时间分布特征存在明显的民族差异，且年龄与睡眠状况具有剂量反应关系．

Distribution characteristics of sleep situation in Korean-Chinese and Han nationality pupils of Yanbian area

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution characteristics of sleep situation in Korean-Chinese and Han nationality pupils of Yanbian area. METHODS A total of 3 147 elementary school students （2 207 of Korean-Chinese and 940 of Han nationality） aged 8-12 years old were selected and the information on sleep situation was collected. RESULTS The sleep duration was 8.38 ± 0.71 h, 9.13 ± 0.67 h and 8.41 ± 0.75 h, 9.17± 0.65 h in boy and girl pupils of Korean-Chinese and Han nationality, respectively, and was progressively lower with increases of age （FK-boy = 56. 673, FK-girl = 98. 225, FHgirl = 15. 468; all P〈0. 001 ）. The bedtime was 20.83 ± 0.61 h, 20.39 ± 0.54 h and 20.78 ± 0.65, 20.35 ± 0.58 in boy and girl pupils of Korean-Chinese and Han nationality, respectively, and was progressively higher with the increases of age （FK-boy = 38. 044, FH-boy = 4. 211, FK-girl = 81. 110, FH-girl = 17. 527; all P〈0. 001 ）. The getting up time in the morning was 5.61 ± 0. 52 h, 5.91 ± 0.43, and 5.59 ± 0.52 h, 5.93 ± 0.39 in boy and girl pupils of Korean-Chinese and Han nationality, respectively, and was progressively lower with the increases of age （FK-boy = 8. 259, FH-girl = 8. 227; all P 〈 0. 001 ）.〈8.6, 8.6-9.0 and ≥9.1 of sleep duration was 45.6%, 39.5% and 14.9%, and 13.1%, 23.5% and 63.3 % in boy pupils of Korean-Chinese and Han nationality, respectively, and was 42.0%, 41.1% and 16.9%, and 8.8%, 29.9% and 61.3% in girl pupils of Korean-Chinese and Han nationality,respectively, and there was significant difference between two nationalities （χ2boy = 37. 001, χ2 girl = 17. 567, all P〈0. 001）. CONCLUSION The distribution characteristics of sleep duration and bedtime in Korean- Chinese and Han nationality pupils of Yanbian area are significant deference between two nationalities, and the age has dose-response relationship with the sleep situation.