风疹病毒JR_(23)株感染BALB/c小鼠脑组织的病理学特征

为研究风疹病毒（ＲＶ）ＪＲ２３株感染中枢神经系统（ＣＮＳ）的特性及病理学特征，ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ 小鼠经腹腔感染ＲＶ ＪＲ２３株，并于感染后的第２１ｄ 取小鼠大脑及小脑组织，ＨＥ及免疫组织化学染色，观察小鼠脑组织ＲＶ 感染状况及病变特征。结果显示，受感染的小鼠无明显的ＣＮＳ症状，病理学特征以大脑灰质小灶性神经元变性坏死为主，病变神经元周围见增生的少突胶质细胞形成卫星现象。在神经元坏死灶中可见小胶质细胞增生，形成噬神经元现象及由小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞构成的胶质细胞结节。神经元及神经胶质细胞内未见病毒包涵体。免疫组织化学染色显示，ＲＶ 主要分布于大脑灰质，神经元细胞、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞均可受到ＪＲ２３株的感染。提示卫星现象、噬神经元现象和胶质细胞结节形成可作为ＲＶ－ＪＲ２３感染ＣＮＳ的病理学参考指标。免疫组织化学染色对确诊ＣＮＳＲＶ 的感染具有特异性

PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RUBELLA VIRUS JR 23 STRAIN INFECTION IN CEREBRAL TISSUES OF BALB/c MICE

To investigate the pathological features of rubella virus JR 23 infection in central nervous system(CNS), BALB/c mice, as the animal model, were given dexamethasone and cytoxan before infection. Cerebral tissues of mice were taken out at 21th day posinfection and the pathological features were observed after HE staining and immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that BALB/c mice did not appear any CNS symptom. The main pathogical characteristics were focal neuron degeneration and necrosis in cerebral grey matter, accompanied by oligodendroglia and gliocytes proliferated arounding cytopathic area that formed stellitorsis, neuronophagia and glial nodule. The virus inclusions were not observed in neurons or gliacytes. There were no obvious inflammation with blood vessel and hemorrhagic focus in the brains. There were not any pathological changes in white matter and cerebellum. With immunohistochemical staining, viral antigens most locatized in cortical area. Viral antigens mainly existed in the cytoplasms of neurons, glia and the nuclei. Pathological features were basically the same among the infected groups. The pathological rates of dexamethasone, cytoxan and the group without interventioin were 50%,80% and 25%, respectively. Their infection rates were 60%,90% and 50%, respectively. The results suggested that stellitosis, neuronophagia and glial nodule may become the pathological features of rubella virus JR 23 infected CNS. The immunohistochemical staining is special to definite diagnosis for CNS infection by RVJR 23 strain in pathological sections.