综合医院老年住院患者轻度认知功能障碍与焦虑抑郁关系的问卷调查

目的了解综合医院老年住院患者轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)的患病现状,并探讨其与焦虑抑郁负性情绪的关系。方法采用横断面研究法对2019年3月1日-5月1日某院符合纳入条件的869例住院老年患者采用简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行调查。结果869名调查对象中MMSE评分为23.09±4.98分,SAS评分为42.71±7.67分,SDS评分为40.11±8.11分,共筛查出209位MCI患者,总患病率为24.05%,焦虑患者占比13.58%,抑郁患者占比18.41%。MMSE评分与SAS评分、SDS评分均呈负相关,rs=-0.293和rs=-0.299,P<0.01。单因素方差分析显示月经济收入不等、生活状况不同患者间比较,MCI的患病率差异无统计学意义。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况患者间MCI的患病率比较有统计学意义。结论住院老年患者MCI患病率较高,提示应将MCI筛查常规应用于住院老年患者,早发现、早诊断、早干预老年患者轻度认知功能障碍。MCI患者焦虑、抑郁水平较正常人高,应当关注住院老年人的心理情绪,引导老年人保持积极健康的生活状态,降低MCI的患病率。

A Questionnaire Survey on the Relationship between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Anxiety and Depression in Elderly Inpatients in General Hospital

Objectives To investigate the status of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in elderly inpatients of general hospital and its relationship with anxiety and depression.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 869 elderly inpatients who met the inclusion criteria,using simple intelligent mental state examination scale(MMSE),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS).Results Among the 869 subjects,the MMSE score was 23.09±4.98,the SAS score was 42.71±7.67,and the SDS score was 40.11±8.11.A total of 209 MCI patients were screened,with a total morbidity of 24.05%,anxiety patients accounted for 13.58%,and depression patients accounted for 18.41%.MMSE score was negatively correlated with SAS score and SDS score,rs=-0.293 and rs=-0.299,P<0.01.Univariate analysis of variance showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of MCI among patients with unequal monthly economic income and different living conditions.The prevalence of MCI among patients with different gender,age,education level and marital status was statistically significant.Conclusions The prevalence of MCI in elderly inpatients was high,suggesting that MCI screening should be routinely applied to elderly inpatients for early detection,early diagnosis and early intervention of MCI in elderly patients.MCI patients had higher levels of anxiety and depression than normal people,so attention should be paid to the psychological emotions of the elderly in hospital,so as to guide them to maintain a positive and healthy life and reduce the prevalence of MCI.