崇义县农村社区卫生服务能力的现状及对策的研究

目的了解经济欠发达的崇义县农村社区卫生服务能力现状，并对其采取相应的对策。方法采用多阶段随机抽样，对经济欠发达的崇义县7个乡、50个行政村的基层卫生机构和1500户共5721位农村居民进行调查，调查数据运用SPSS13．0统计软件进行分析。结果崇义县全县有卫技人员2．31人／1000，医生数1．19人／1000，护理人员数0．82人／1000；2007年出生人口数为1765人，出生率为8．86‰；总死亡512人，死亡率为2．57‰；人口自然增长率为6．11‰；崇义县有7所乡镇卫生院，其中5个机构的业务建筑面积达到了省级标准，2个未达到省级标准；50个村卫生所平均面积81．39m^2，9个达到省级标准，41个未达到省级标准；崇义县乡镇卫生院医疗服务项目中常见多发病诊疗、预防接种、急救服务、妇女常见病、孕产期保健、儿童常见病开展率均为100．0％；崇义县村卫生所卫生服务项目中传染病监测、计划免疫工作、中医疹疗、健康教育开展率分别为100．0％、98．0％、94．0％、58．0％。结论加强制度建设和乡村二级卫生人员社区卫生服务相关培训，提高乡村二级医疗卫生人员的服务能力，引人社区卫生服务理念和工作模式，通过社区卫生服务可促进农村卫生工作开展。

Present Condition and Improvement of Rural Community Health Service Capability in Underdeveloped Areas

Objective To investigate the present condition of rural community health service capability in underdeveloped areas and take corresponding countermeasures to improve it. Methods A total of 7 township hospitals,50 village clinics and 5 721 rural residents from 1 500 households in Chongyi county were investigated using multi-stage stratified random sampling. And the data of the investigation was analyzed with SPSS 13.0 statistical software. Results In this county, the total rate of health service personel was 231 in 1 000 among the population, with 1.19 person/per thousand for doctors and 0.82 person/per thousand for nurses. In 2007,1 765 people were born, the birth rate was 8.86 ‰;512 died, the death rate was 2.57‰;the natural growth rate of the population was 6.11‰. There were 7 township hospitals in chongyi county, 5 of which met the provincial standard in construction area, the other 2 had not met yet. An average of 50 village health area was 81.39 m^2 ,29 had reached the provincial standard,41 failed. The medical services of common clinics,immunization, emergency services, gynecological diseases, maternal health, pediatric diseases were carried out 100.0 % in township hospitals of chongyi county. The implementation rate of infectious disease surveillance, immunization, chinese medicine treatment, health education was respectively 100.0 %, 98.0 %, 9 4.0 %, and 58.0 % in the village-level clinics. Conclusion It suggests that rural health services could be bolstered up through countermeasures as follows.enhancement of institutional establishment and the training of the personel in health sevices,improvement of the service ability of the personel in health services,introduction of the concept and working model of community health services.