67例弥漫性肺间质疾病的临床特征分析

目的：探讨弥漫性肺间质疾病(ILD)的临床与肺功能及影像学特征。方法：对67例经胸片、肺功能试验确诊的ILD患者的临床表现、胸部X线、高分辨率肺CT、肺功能试验(弥散功能、血气分析)、实验室检查结果进行分析。结泉：临床表现中主要为进行性气短59例(88％)．干咳、少痰64例(95％)，55例(82％)患者可闻及肺底湿啰音．低氧血症34例(51％)．肺功能为限制性通气功能障碍者47例(81％)。67例胸片均有异常发现，特征性表现是网结节影。HRCT表现为磨玻璃样改变、网格影、小结节影、囊状影蜂窝样改变。结论：ILD的诊断主要应通过询问病史(应包括环境接触史、服药史等)、体格检查、胸部X线片或CT，特别是高分辨率CT检查、实验室检查(肺功能试验、血气分析)等来明确。

Analysis of clinical features of 67 cases with interstitial lung diseases

Objective: To explore the clinical?pulmonary function test and HRCT features of interstitial lung diseases(ILD). Methods: Clinical symptoms, chest x-ray/CT or HRCT, pulmonary functional test, blood gas analysis, and laboratory data of 67 cases with ILD were analyzed. Results: Main symptoms were as follows: gradually progressive shortness of breath on exertion in 59 cases, dry cough and fatigue in 64, 55 cases with moist rales, 34 cases with hypoxemia, and with or without digital clubbing. Pulmonary function test showed restrictive ventilatory disorders in 47 cases and decreased Dlco. Conclusions: It is important to elicit a detailed history of exposure to environment; the chest radiograph may show a fine reticular shadows, a reticulo nodular or even a nodular pattern of infiltrations at the bases and peripherly. High resolution CT is extremely valuable in detecting early interstitial lung disease and assessing the extent and type of involvement.