北京市原发性高血压患者危险因素与中医体质特点研究

目的：探讨北京市原发性高血压患者危险因素及原发性高血压患者中医体质的分布特点，为原发性高血压早期预防、干预提供理论基础。方法对随机抽取的北京市3700例健康体检者中筛选出原发性高血压患者1029例进行危险因素分析，并对其中174例进行中医体质评估。结果中心性肥胖是原发性高血压病的主要危险因素，其次为体重指数（BMI）升高、尿酸升高，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。北京市原发性高血压患者中以痰湿体质比例最高（21.84%），其次为阴虚体质（19.54%）和阳虚体质（18.39%），以男性最为多见。结论痰湿体质是原发性高血压患者主要体质，随着年龄增大，偏颇体质逐渐增多。应重点对中心性肥胖及高尿酸血症、高血糖、血脂异常等危险因素全面干预，对原发性高血压痰湿体质应早期综合干预，以有效防治心脑血管疾病。

Study of risk factors of primary hypertension and TCM constitution char-acteristics in Beijing

Objective To study the risk factors in patients with essential hypertension and the distribution characteris-tics of TCM constitution of patients with essential hypertension, and to provide theoretical basis for early prevention and intervention with essential hypertension. Methods For the healthy check-up of the Beijing, 3700 cases were randomly selected, and among which 1029 cases of patients with essential hypertension for risk factors were analyzed, and among which 174 patients were given traditional Chinese medicine physique evaluation. Results Central obesity was a major risk factor of primary hypertension, followed by BMI increasing and uric acid increasing, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. Patients in Beijing with essential hypertension with phlegm wet constitution had the highest pro-portion （21.84%）, followed by Yin deficiency constitution （19.54%） and Yang deficiency constitution （18.39%）, and the men were the more for seeing. Conclusion The phlegm wet constitution is the main essential hypertension patients physical, as they get older biased constitution. It should focus on the risk factors of central obesity and high uric acid hematic disease, high blood sugar, dyslipidemia with comprehensive intervention, it should be given early comprehen-sive intervention for primary hypertension phlegmy wet constitution, in order to give effective prevention and treatment of disease of heart head blood-vessel.