下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的：探讨下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药状况,为治疗下呼吸道感染疾病提供可靠依据,指导临床合理用药。方法：对下呼吸道感染病人痰培养分离出的1203株病原菌及药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果：下呼吸道感染病原菌中铜绿假单胞菌检出率最高,为301株（25%）;其次为肺炎克雷伯菌268株（22.3%）、鲍曼不动杆菌186株（15.5%）、大肠埃希菌116株（9.6%）、金黄色葡萄球菌111株（9.2%）;对亚胺培南的耐药率：大肠埃希菌最低为0、肺炎克雷伯菌为0.9%。铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药率较高,未发现耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌。结论：下呼吸道感染主要病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,对头孢类和喹诺酮类药物的耐药率明显较高,临床应依据药敏报告结果合理选用抗菌药物。

THE DISTRIBUTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE ANALYSIS OF PATHOGENS IN LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION

Objective： To explore the pathogens distribution in lower respiratory tract infection and drug resistance status,and provide reliable evidence to guide clinical use of drugs.Methods： The lower respiratory infection in patients with isolated sputum culture and sensitivity test of 1203 pathogens were retrospectively analyzed.Results： Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated was the highest detection rate,for 301（25%）,followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 268（22.3%）,Acinetobacter baumannii 186（15.5%）,Escherichia coli 116（9.6%）,Staphylococcus aureus 111（9.2%）.The resistance rate of imipenem as low as 0 Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae 0.9%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii resistance to a higher rate and found no resistance to vancomycin Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion： The main pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae,to cephalosporins and quinolones significantly higher rates of drug resistance.The report should be based on reasonable selection of antimicrobial agents.