有氧运动对金黄地鼠糖脂代谢及瘦素和肿瘤坏死因子的影响

目的研究有氧运动对金黄地鼠糖脂代谢、瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的影响。方法将健康雄性清洁级金黄地鼠20只随机分为2组,每组10只。2组均给予质量分数10%高脂膳食。运动组从实验第1天开始进行跑台训练,坡度5°,第1周速度由10 m.min-1逐渐增加至15 m.min-1,时间由30 min逐渐增加至60 min,第2周速度逐渐增加至20 m.min-1,时间逐渐增加至90 min,每30 min休息1次,每周训练5 d,共10周;对照组在原有条件下饲养,未作跑台训练。观察2组每周体质量变化,10周后检测金黄地鼠血糖、胰岛素、血脂、血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)及肝脏、肌肉、脂肪组织中的FFA,肝脏总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、载脂蛋白A1(apoA1)、载脂蛋白B(apoB)、肝脂酶(HL)、总脂酶、脂蛋白酯酶(LPL),脂肪组织中的瘦素及TNF-α。结果2组金黄地鼠体质量及体质量增加量比较差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。运动组睾丸周围脂肪与体质量比明显低于对照组(P<0.001),运动组肌肉间脂肪与体质量之比低于对照组(P<0.01)。有氧运动对金黄地鼠血脂TG、TC、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇影响不明显,2组比较差别无统计学意义(P>0.05);运动组空腹血糖低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);运动组血清胰岛素水平低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);运动组胰岛素抵抗指数低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。运动组肝脏TC升高,与对照组比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);肝脏apoA1水平高于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有氧运动对金黄地鼠血清、肝脏、肌肉及肾周脂肪中FFA影响不明显,2组比较差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。运动组肝脏LPL和脂肪组织中瘦素水平高于对照组,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论有氧运动可以使脂肪重新分布,降低血糖及胰岛素水平,改善胰岛素抵抗。

Effects of aerobic exercise on glucolipid metabolism, leptin and tumor necrosis factor of golden hamster

Objective To study the effects of aerobic exercise on glucolipid metabolism,leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)of golden hamsters.Methods Twenty healthy male golden hamsters were divided into control group(n=10) and exercise group(n=10).10%(mass fraction) high-fat diets were fed in two groups.Exercise group:trained in treadmill,gradient 5°,speed 10 m·min-1 from first day gradually to 15 m·min-1,trained time from 30 minutes gradually to 60 minutes in first week,velocity to 20 m·min-1 and time to 90 minutes gradually in second week to trained end,trained 30 minutes interval a break,5 days a week,for 10 weeks.Control group:fed in the original condition and not trained in treadmill.The body mass changes per week in two groups were observed.After 10 weeks experiment,blood sugar,insulin,serum lipids,free fatty acids(FFA) in serum,liver,muscles and adipose tissue,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),apolipoprotein A1(apoA1),apolipoprotein B(apoB) and hepatic lipase(HL),total lipoidase,lipoprotein lipose(LPL) in liver,leptin and TNF-α in adipose tissue were determined.Results The body weight and the body weight gain in two groups were no statistical differences(P>0.05).Ratios with testicular surrounding adipose and body mass and intramuscular fat and body mass in exercise group was markedly smaller than those in control group(P<0.001,P<0.01).There were no statistical differences with TG,TC,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol between two groups(P>0.05).Fasting blood-glucose,insulin and insulin resistance index in exercise group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).TC and apoA1 in liver in exercise group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).There were no statistical differences with FFA in serum,liver,muscle,renal surrounding fat between two groups(P>0.05).LPL in liver and leptin in adipose tissue in exercise group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Aerobic exercise can make redistribution of fat,reduce the levels of blood sugar and insulin,and improve the insulin resistance.