犬壁冠状动脉及心肌桥的形态观测

目的探讨犬壁冠状动脉和心肌桥的形态学特点,为比较解剖学提供依据。方法犬心41例,10%的甲醛溶液固定,大体解剖显示犬心冠状动脉及其分支,观测心肌桥及壁冠状动脉的出现率。结果41例犬中,29例(70.7%)出现冠状动脉心肌桥,多出现于前室间支(79.3%)、后室间支、左室前支,心肌桥厚度为0.56±0.61 mm。前室间支冠状动脉前段内径1.64±0.46 mm,厚度0.18±0.06 mm;壁冠状动脉内径1.35±0.46 mm,厚度0.13±0.04 mm。心肌桥近段距第一对角支距离为19.78±8.20 mm,距前室间支起始部距离为24.49±12.37 mm,距右冠起始部距离为24.21±5.80 mm。心肌桥纤维走向与壁冠状动脉夹角为68.94±14.38度。结论犬冠状动脉心肌桥出现率及位置与人相似,可作为心脏实验动物模型。

Morphological observation of the dog's mural coronary artery and myocardial bridge

Objective To investigate the morphology of the dog's mural coronary artery and myocardial bridge and to provide a foundation for comparative zootomy.Methods Forty dog′s heart were fixed with 10% formaldehyde and then were stuffed by ordinary dissection instruments in order to show the gross anatomy structure of the dog′s coronary artery.The myocardial bridge and the mural coronary artery were observed.Results The myocardial bridge of the dog's mural coronary artery were mostly in the anterior interventricular branch,the posterior interventricular branches and anterior branches of the left ventricle.The emergent frequency of the myocardial bridge was 70.7% and the anterior interventricular branches consisted 79.3% and the thickness of myocardial bridge was 0.56±0.61mm.The proximal end diameter of coronary artery in the anterior interventricular branches was 1.64±0.46 mm and the thickness was 0.18±0.06 mm.The diameter of the mural coronary artery was 1.35±0.46 mm and the thickness was 0.13±0.04 mm.The proximal end of the myocardial bridge was distant from the first diagonal branch for 19.78±8.20 mm,from the beginning part of the anterior interventricular branch for 24.49±12.37 mm,and form the beginning part of the right coronary artery for 24.21±5.80 mm.The degree between the fibre of myocardial and mural coronary artery was 68.94±14.38.Conclusion The emergent frequency and position of the dog's coronary artery and myocardial bridge are similar to human,which can be the experiment model on heart.