药物不良反应555例报告分析

目的分析同济大学附属同济医院555例药物不良反应（drug adverse reaction, ADR）发生特点和相关因素，制定ADR监测工作方向。方法对我院2008年度收集的555例ADR报告进行统计分析。结果ADR报告中20至59岁年龄段构成比最高。ADR涉及的药品182种，其中抗感染类药物引起的ADRs占总例数的70．43％（462例），中成药引起的ADRs次之。静脉给药的ADRs占82．17％（539例），是引起ADR的主要用药途径。临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害为主，其次是消化系统损害。结论临床应重视ADR的监测和报告工作，以保障安全合理用药、减少和避免ADR的发生。

A retrospective analysis of 555 cases of drug adverse reactions

Objective To analyze the characteristics and related factors of adverse drug reaction （ADR） and establish the way of clinical ADR monitoring in future. Methods A total of 555 ADR reports collected in 2008 were analyzed restrospectively. Results Among the 555 cases of ADR, the patients at the age of 20 to 59 had the highest incidence. There were 182 kinds of drugs that induced ADR, in which 70.43% （462 cases） were induced by anti-infective drugs, followed by traditional Chinese drugs preparations. Intravenous injection was the common medication inducing ADR （82.17%, 539 cases. ADR were mainly manifested in skin and local lesions, than in alimentary system lesions. Conclusion Clinical departments should pay great attention in monitoring and reporting of ADR in order to reduce and avoid the occurrence of ADR and promote the rational use of drugs.