连接蛋白43在胎盘组织中的表达及与妊娠糖尿病的相关研究

目的：观察连接蛋白43（connexin43，Cx43）在妊娠糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）患者胎盘组织中的表达，探讨Cx43及其构成的缝隙连接细胞间通讯（gap junctional intercellular communication，GJIC）在GDM胎盘组织中的作用。方法应用免疫组织化学法和Western blotting法检测GDM未治疗组（18例）、GDM治疗组（22例）和正常妊娠组（12例）胎盘组织中Cx43的定位和表达。结果免疫组织化学染色显示Cx43表达在滋养细胞的细胞浆及细胞膜。 GDM未治疗组Cx43阳性颗粒主要集中在细胞浆中，且明显减少。 GDM未治疗组Cx43蛋白水平明显低于其他两组（P＜0.05）。结论 Cx43在GDM未治疗组的滋养细胞低表达，提示滋养细胞间GJIC异常，导致GDM胎盘滋养细胞间融合、分化异常，可能与GDM的不良妊娠有关。

Correlation study of connexin 43 expression in placenta tissue and gesta-tional diabetes

Objective To observe the expression of connexin 43（Cx43） in the placenta of patients with gestational dia-betes mellitus （GDM） and explore the role of Cx43 and Cx43-constituted gap junctional intercellular communication （GJIC） in the GDM placenta tissue. Methods The immunohistochemical method and Western blotting method were used to detect the Cx43 location and expression in the placenta tissue of GDM non-treatment group （18 cases）, GDM treat-ment group（22 cases） and normal gestational group（12 cases）. Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that Cx43 expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of trophocytes. In the GDM non-treatment group,Cx43 positive particles mainly existed in cytoplasm and had reduced obviously. Statistical analysis showed that GDM non-treatment group had significantly lower Cx43 protein level than the other two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Low Cx43 expression in the trophocytes of GDM non-treatment group indicates abnormal GJIC between the trophocytes, which leads to abnormal fusion and differentiation of GDM placenta trophocytes. This may be related to the adverse pregnancy of patients with GDM.