脐血IgE及喂养方式与婴儿过敏的相关研究

目的 探讨影响婴儿脐血IgE值的可疑因素,提出预防婴儿过敏的早期干预措施.方法 对将分娩孕妇进行问卷调查并于分娩时采集脐血IgE,跟踪婴儿记录出生情况,对影响脐血IgE的因素进行统计分析.通过皮肤点刺试验筛查出牛奶蛋白过敏婴儿并进行喂养干预.结果 检查的645例婴儿脐血中,IgE阳性共189例（29.3％）,婴儿脐血IgE阳性者母亲过敏性疾病史发生率、婴儿出生时体重值均明显高于脐血IgE阴性者（P＜0.05）,并且性别为男孩及出生时有窒息史者对IgE阳性的发生也有影响（P＜0.05）;55例牛奶蛋白过敏的干预组婴儿有18例（32.7％）发生湿疹,明显低于未干预组（P＜0.01）.结论 父母亲尤其是母亲的过敏史是导致脐血IgE升高的危险因素,同时,婴儿的出生情况包括体重、性别、窒息史等与IgE有相关性,母乳喂养或水解蛋白配方奶喂养及高风险食物的回避使婴儿过敏发生率明显降低.

Research of cord blood IgE and allergy feeding method in infants

Objective To explore the effect of neonatal cord blood IgE value of suspicious factors and to find out early intervention measures of allergy in infants. Methods The pregnant women were investigated from questionnaire and cord blood IgE in childbirth was collected, newborn birth track recorded, statistical analysis was done on the influence factors of umbilical cord blood IgE. To screen out of milk protein allergy baby through the skin prick test and feeding interventions were offered. Results In all the 645 cases of neonatal umbilical blood examination, IgE positive were 189 cases （29.3%）, infant umbilical cord blood IgE positive mother allergic disease rate, neonatal birth weight were significantly higher than that in umbilical cord blood of negative IgE（P〈O.05）, and gender as a boy and birth asphyxia also had an effect on the occurrence of IgE positive（P〈0.05）. In 55 eases of milk protein allergy infants in the intervention group there were 18 cases （32.7%） with eczema, significantly lower than the non intervention group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Parents especially mothers allergy history is a risk factor of cord blood IgE increased, at the same time, the birth of newborn including body weight, sex, history of asphyxia have correlation values with IgE. Early life dietary interventions which included breastfeeding, HVP feeding, and high risk food avoidance can reduce the risk of infants allergy development.