初产妇产后抑郁现状及影响因素研究

目的：调查初产妇产后抑郁发生率，分析影响产后抑郁发生的相关因素。方法采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）和家庭亲密度与适应性量表（FACES）对350例初产妇进行前瞻性研究。结果产后抑郁51例，发生率为14.57%，年龄小、教育程度高、新生儿情况差、非纯母乳喂养、家庭收入较差的产妇更易发生产后抑郁（P＜0.05）。产后抑郁产妇产前SAS、SDS评分及家庭亲密度和适应性评分与正常产妇比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。教育程度、产前焦虑、产前抑郁、家庭适应性及新生儿评分是产后抑郁的主要影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论初产妇产后易发生抑郁，产前心理状态、家庭支持、教育程度及新生儿情况对产后抑郁发生影响显著，应加强针对性干预措施，减少产后抑郁的发生率。

Research of primipara and influencing factors of postpartum depression

Objective To investigate the incidence of early postpartum depression , postpartum depression occurs im-pact analysis related factors. Methods Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）, Self-Rating Depression Scale（SDS）, the Ed-inburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS） and family cohesion and adaptability scale（FACES） on 350 cases of prim-ipara prospective study. Results 51 cases of postpartum depression, the rate was 14.57%, Age of light, high level of education, poor neonatal cases, non-exclusive breastfeeding, household income, poor mothers were more likely to postpartum depression（P〈0.05）. Postpartum depression, maternal prenatal SAS, SDS scores and scores of family cohe-sion and adaptability normal pregnancy, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Education, prenatal anxiety, prenatal depression, family adaptability and neonatal score were the main influencing factors of postpartum depression（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Initial prone to postpartum depression, prenatal psychological state, family support, education and neonatal cases of postpartum depression significantly affected , should strengthen targeted interventions to reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.