鞍山市学生常见病调查及相关因素分析

目的 调查鞍山市学生常见病情况,并对其相关因素进行分析。方法 2018年9～11月选择鞍山市1个城区和1个县(铁东区和千山区),共监测13所学校,其中城区8所学校,县5所学校,其中包含小学到大学,调查学生常见病发生情况,分析不同年级、性别、地区学生常见病差异性。结果 鞍山市学生视力不良检出率最高,占53.77%,其次为恒牙龋齿,占21.11%;随着年级的增长视力不良检出率呈现出升高趋势(P0.05);与城区相比,县级学校视力不良、恒牙龋齿检出率明显偏高,且女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);随着年级增长,营养不良检出率逐渐降低(P0.05)。结论 鞍山市学生健康状况不容乐观,其中视力不良、龋齿以及营养不良等成为影响学生健康的主要卫生问题,应给予高度重视。

Survey of common diseases among students in Anshan city and analysis of related factors

Objective To investigate the common diseases of students in Anshan and analyze their related factors.Methods An urban area and one county (Tiedong district and Qianshan district) in Anshan city from September to November 2018 were selected,and a total of 13 schools were monitored,including 8 schools in the urban area and 5 schools in the county,ranging from primary schools to universities.The incidence of common diseases among students was investigated.The differences in common diseases among students of different grades,genders and regions were analyzed.Results Anshan students had the highest detection rate of poor vision,accounting for 53.77%,followed by permanent dental caries,accounting for 21.11%.With the increase of grade,the detection rate of poor vision showed an increasing trend(P<0.05).Compared with the urban areas,the county-level schools had a higher detection rate of poor vision and permanent dental caries,and the rate of girls was higher than that of boys,which was statistically significant(P<0.05).As the grade increased,the detection rate of malnutrition gradually decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion The health status of students in Anshan city is not optimistic.Poor vision,dental caries and malnutrition have become the main health issues affecting students'' health,which should be given high attention.