从地震医疗救援的角度看应急医疗队的作用

目的总结应急救援医疗队参加汶川地震救援工作的经验教训。方法对应急救援医疗队的工作作观察性的研究。结果应急救援医疗队参加了地震重灾区北川的伤员转运、临时救治和临时病房的伤员治疗，积累了经验和教训。结论以医疗机构为单位、分工明确的常备应急救援医疗队，在详细灾难医疗救援预案的指导下开展工作，关系到灾难医疗救援工作的成败；应该在现场对伤员进行分类，危重伤员现场抢救，大多数伤员应该在充分补充液体、保证安全的情况下立即疏散至邻近或远离灾区的医院；医疗队可以在灾区附近的医护力量较弱的中小医院组建临时病房，扩大伤员的收治能力。

The role of emergency medical team in the rescue and relief effort after an earthquake

Objective To summarize the rescue and relief effort of an emergency medical team after Wenchuan earth-quake. Methods The experience of our emergency medical team was described and analyzed. Results Our emergency medical team participated in the transport and temporary treatment of the injured. We also established a temporary ward in a small hospital. Conclusion Emergency medical teams, organized by individual hospitals, goal-directed, and readily deployable, guided by protocols, were critical to the success of rescue and relief effort after a major disaster. The injured should be carefully classified, the critically-ill patients should be treated on the site. The majority of patients should be promptly transported to other hospitals near or far from the earthquake-struck areas, after being adequately fluid-resuscitated and when being accompanied by doctors and nurses. Emergency medical teams also could establish temporary ward in under-staffed small hospitals, then a lot of patients could be timely treated.