尺骨近端解剖学研究及其临床意义

目的:探讨国人尺骨近端解剖参数特点,为临床修复和重建尺骨近端及假体设计提供参考依据。方法:对30具60侧新鲜成人尸体上肢作研究,分别测量男女冠突的高度;冠突高1/2处的冠状面宽度、矢状面厚度;鹰嘴高度;尺骨鹰嘴尖到冠突尖中线位置处矢状面厚度、冠状面宽度;尺骨鹰嘴矢状面跨径;尺骨滑车切迹开口径;开角等,并根据性别对上述参数进行比较。结果:正常成人男性尺骨鹰嘴平均高度、宽度、厚度、矢状面跨径分别为9.7±1.2mm、18.5±2.6mm、14.2±1.3mm、14.3±1.6mm,冠突高度、宽度、厚度分别为18.4±0.6mm、22.5±0.8mm、8.2±0.4mm,尺骨滑车切迹开口径20.1±1.7mm;女性尺骨鹰嘴平均高度、宽度、厚度、矢状面跨径分别为8.5±0.9mm、16.7±2.4mm、12.6±1.4mm、12.5±1.8mm,冠突高度、宽度、厚度分别为16.4±0.4mm、19.8±0.6mm、6.3±0.9mm,尺骨滑车切迹开口径18.6±1.1mm。经统计学分析男性上述指标明显大于女性(P<0.05),与男性平均身高及尺骨长度比女性大有关。而开角的大小约30°,无性别差异(P>0.05),与身高及尺骨的长度无关。结论:根据正常成人尺骨近端参数特点,可为临床修复和重建尺骨鹰嘴及尺骨冠突,以及尺骨近端的假体设计提供参考依据。

Anatomy study of ulna proximal end and its clinical significance

Objective:To explore the characteristics of ulna proximal end in chinese and to provide reference data for clinical repairing and reconstructing and prosthesis design. Methods:Through thirty cadaveric upper extremities (sixty arms),the height,width,thickness diameter of ulna cornoid process and ulna olecranon,AP:PA span of ulna olecranon, opening diameter of trochlear notch,opening angle were measured ,and these data to were compared between male and female.Results: the height,width,thickness diameter of ulna olecranon, AP:PA span of ulna olecranon, the height,width,thickness diameter of ulna cornoid process, opening diameter of trochlear notch, opening angle of the adult male were 9.7±1.2mm,18.5±2.6mm,14.2±1.3mm,14.3±1.6mm,18.4±0.6mm,22.5±0.8mm,8.2±0.4mm,those 20.1±1.7mm and those of the female were 8.5±0.9mm,16.7±2.4mm,12.6±1.4mm,12.5±1.8mm,16.4±0.4mm,19.8±0.6mm,6.3±0.9mm?18.6±1.1mm. These were of statistical significance between male and female(P<0.05),but opening angla had no statistical significance(P>0.05) about 30 degrees.Conclusion:These date may serve as the basis of clinical repairing and reconstructing and prosthesis design of ulna proximal end,according to the characteristics of ulna proximal end in Chinese.