国人下腔静脉的应用解剖学研究进展

下腔静脉由左、右髂总静脉汇合而成,汇合部位多平第5腰椎,少数平第4腰椎。下腔静脉收集下肢、盆部和腹部的静脉血。位于脊柱的右前方,沿腹主动脉右侧上行,经肝的腔静脉沟,穿膈的腔静脉孔进入胸腔,再穿纤维心包注入右心房。目前,随着肝移植、腹膜后肿瘤、布加综合征、腹膜后血管损伤及下腔静脉造影,取栓及其介入治疗等手术的开展,下腔静脉的应用解剖越来越受到人们的重视。此外,下腔静脉结构的异常也与一些疾病密切相关。因此,下腔静脉的应用解剖是临床上指导治疗下腔静脉相关疾病的基础。

Research Progress about the Applied Anatomy of Inferior Caval Vein

Inferior caval vein is formed by the confluence of the right and left common iliac vein, most of them are confiuensed on the 5th lumbar level, a small number of them are first-4 lumbar spine. Inferior caval vein collects the venous blood from lower limbs, abdomen and pelvis. Located right in front of the spine, go up along the right side of the abdominal aorta, by the liver＇s fossa venae cavae, through the diaphragm＇s foramen venae cavae into the chest hole, and then traverse fibrous pericardium into the right atrium. At present, as liver transplantation, retroperitoneal tumors, Budd-Chiari syndrome, injury of retroperitoneal vascular and the cavography, thrombectomy and interventional treatment surgery carried out, more and more people pay attentions to the applied anatomy of the inferior caval vein. In addition ,the structure of the inferior caval vein＇s anomaly is closely related with a number of diseases. As a result, the applied anatomyof the inferior caval vein is the basic of clinical guidance on the treatment of diseases related to the inferior vena cava.