肾移植取肾手术入路的研究进展

肾移植作为终末期肾病的常规有效的治疗方法,其取肾手术入路在近20年有了很大的进展。初始时是采取开放式活体取肾作为肾移植的手术方式,随着腹腔镜技术的日益成熟使腹腔镜下取肾替代了传统的开放式活体取肾。而今,经自然腔道内镜下手术的提出又使得经自然腔道取肾逐渐受到外科医师的关注,成为外科医师的新宠,其中经阴道供肾切取术为目前研究的主要方向。然而,由于各种手术设备及操作技术尚未完善等各方面原因,将经阴道供肾切取术广泛应用于临床仍不可能在短时间内实现。

Study Progress of Operative Approach of Nephrectomy in Renal Transplantation

Renal transplantation which is a conventional therapeutic method for end-stage renal disease, has developed quickly in the past 20 years. The way of renal transplantation is open nephrectomy initially, with the improvement of abdominal speculum technique, laparoscopie surgery has taken place of open nephrectomy. Following the proposition of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery again, nephrectomy through natural orifice has been paid more attention and the main direction of research is transvaginal nephrectomy. However,the application of transvaginal nephrectomy to clinical medicine can＇t be realized in the near future because of immaturity of medical devices and technique.